Biomaterial Database

Identification of operationally overlapping and independent cross-reactive neutralization regions on human rotavirus VP4. 1990

N Kobayashi, and K Taniguchi, and S Urasawa

Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical College, Japan.

Cross-reactive neutralization epitopes on VP4 of human rotavirus (HRV) were analyzed by the use of VP4-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (N-MAbs) and MAb-resistant mutants. Seven anti-VP4 N-MAbs obtained in this study by using HRV serotypes 1 and 3 as immunizing antigens showed a variety of cross-reactivity patterns to 20 HRV strains with different serotype specificity in neutralization tests and a broader cross-reactivity to them was found for four N-MAbs in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. On the basis of the reactivity patterns against rotaviruses in neutralization tests, these seven N-MAbs were classified into four groups. Cross-neutralization tests using a total of 12 pairs of MAbs and resistant mutants, including five pairs which had been prepared previously, showed that VP4 of HRV (strain KU) contained two independent antigenic regions. One, region C1, was recognized by a single MAb (YO-2C2) and the other was made up of two antigenic regions (C2 and C3) which overlapped operationally. Identification of amino acid substitution sites on VP4 of representative mutants of HRV strain KU indicated that amino acid positions 385 or 392 and 428 or 433 were critical for the C2 and C3 regions, respectively. These results suggested that regions C2 and C3 exist as conformational antigenic sites.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008807	Mice, Inbred BALB C	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D009500	Neutralization Tests	The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).	Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D010449	Peptide Mapping	Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.	Fingerprints, Peptide,Peptide Fingerprinting,Protein Fingerprinting,Fingerprints, Protein,Fingerprint, Peptide,Fingerprint, Protein,Fingerprinting, Peptide,Fingerprinting, Protein,Mapping, Peptide,Peptide Fingerprint,Peptide Fingerprints,Protein Fingerprint,Protein Fingerprints
D002213	Capsid	The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid. Capsids are composed of repeating units (capsomers or capsomeres) of CAPSID PROTEINS which when assembled together form either an icosahedral or helical shape.	Procapsid,Prohead,Capsids,Procapsids,Proheads
D003429	Cross Reactions	Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.	Cross Reaction,Reaction, Cross,Reactions, Cross
D004797	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay	An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.	ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006825	Hybridomas	Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.	Hybridoma
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia