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Smooth muscle cells in human atherosclerotic plaques secrete and proliferate in response to high mobility group box 1 protein. 2006

Annalisa Porto, and Roberta Palumbo, and Maurizio Pieroni, and Gianfranco Aprigliano, and Roberto Chiesa, and Francesca Sanvito, and Attilio Maseri, and Marco E Bianchi
San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a chromatin component leaked out by necrotic cells and actively secreted by activated myeloid cells. The extracellular protein is a potent mediator of tissue remodeling. We show here that human atherosclerotic plaques, but not normal arteries, produce extracellular HMGB1. Secreted HMGB1 originates from endothelial cells, by neointimal foam cells, and also smooth muscle cells (SMCs). SMCs are an unexpected source for secreted HMGB1, since they normally express much lower amounts of HMGB1 than other cells types, and they do not secrete it. However, cultured SMCs actively secrete HMGB1 after cholesterol loading. In turn, in response to HMGB1, SMCs proliferate, migrate, and secrete more HMGB1. Thus, SMCs are both a source and a target of HMGB1; blocking HMGB1 secretion by SMCs can be an important strategy for treatment of atherosclerotic disease and in particular restenosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002465 Cell Movement The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell. Cell Migration,Locomotion, Cell,Migration, Cell,Motility, Cell,Movement, Cell,Cell Locomotion,Cell Motility,Cell Movements,Movements, Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D049109 Cell Proliferation All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION. Cell Growth in Number,Cellular Proliferation,Cell Multiplication,Cell Number Growth,Growth, Cell Number,Multiplication, Cell,Number Growth, Cell,Proliferation, Cell,Proliferation, Cellular
D050197 Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. Atherogenesis,Atherogeneses,Atheroscleroses
D024243 HMGB1 Protein A 24-kDa HMGB protein that binds to and distorts the minor grove of DNA. HMG1,Amphoterin,Box Protein 1, High Mobility Group,FM1 Gene Product,HMG 1 Protein,HMG-1 Protein,HMGB1,Heparin-Binding Protein p30,Heparin Binding Protein p30,p30, Heparin-Binding Protein
D032389 Myocytes, Smooth Muscle Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE). Smooth Muscle Cells,Cell, Smooth Muscle,Cells, Smooth Muscle,Myocyte, Smooth Muscle,Smooth Muscle Cell,Smooth Muscle Myocyte,Smooth Muscle Myocytes

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