Biomaterial Database

Bone conduction in a three-dimensional model of the cochlea. 2006

Frank Bohnke, and Wolfgang Arnold

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany. frank.boehnke@lrz.tum.de

Hearing sensations are caused by air- and bone-guided sound. Of course, other biological materials like tendons, muscles and tissue are also involved during conduction of sound. To study the influence of bone conduction, a formerly developed finite element model was excited by harmonic pressure signals at the cochlea wall. The clinical finding during middle ear surgery, namely the increase in bone conduction sensitivity with removed footplate, was confirmed. Other psychoacoustic effects with bone conduction are described in the early experiments by Bárány, who proved the cancellation of air- and bone-conducted sound in humans. The simultaneous stimulation of the cochlea wall and the phase-reversed stimulation of the stapes footplate in the finite element model confirmed his findings. Further clues to the solution of unsolved problems in audiology and middle ear pathology are given.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D001844	Bone Conduction	Transmission of sound waves through vibration of bones in the SKULL to the inner ear (COCHLEA). By using bone conduction stimulation and by bypassing any OUTER EAR or MIDDLE EAR abnormalities, hearing thresholds of the cochlea can be determined. Bone conduction hearing differs from normal hearing which is based on air conduction stimulation via the EAR CANAL and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	Bone Conduction Hearing,Conduction Hearing, Bone,Conduction, Bone,Hearing, Bone Conduction
D003051	Cochlea	The part of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is concerned with hearing. It forms the anterior part of the labyrinth, as a snail-like structure that is situated almost horizontally anterior to the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH.	Cochleas
D003198	Computer Simulation	Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.	Computational Modeling,Computational Modelling,Computer Models,In silico Modeling,In silico Models,In silico Simulation,Models, Computer,Computerized Models,Computer Model,Computer Simulations,Computerized Model,In silico Model,Model, Computer,Model, Computerized,Model, In silico,Modeling, Computational,Modeling, In silico,Modelling, Computational,Simulation, Computer,Simulation, In silico,Simulations, Computer
D006309	Hearing	The ability or act of sensing and transducing ACOUSTIC STIMULATION to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. It is also called audition.	Audition
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000161	Acoustic Stimulation	Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system.	Auditory Stimulation,Stimulation, Acoustic,Stimulation, Auditory
D014732	Vibration	A continuing periodic change in displacement with respect to a fixed reference. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Vibrations
D020342	Finite Element Analysis	A computer based method of simulating or analyzing the behavior of structures or components.	Analysis, Finite Element,Analyses, Finite Element,Element Analyses, Finite,Element Analysis, Finite,Finite Element Analyses