Biomaterial Database

Determination of levels of cyclic AMP in the myenteric plexus of guinea-pig small intestine. 1991

Y Xia, and L V Baidan, and R H Fertel, and J D Wood

Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.

Enzymatically dissociated ganglia from the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig small intestine were used to investigate changes in levels of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in response to stimulation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin and inhibition of phosphodiesterase by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). A linear relation with a positive correlation coefficient greater than 0.98 was found between: (1) amount of cAMP and number of ganglia; (2) amount of protein and number of ganglia; (3) amount of DNA and amount of protein; (4) amount of DNA and number of ganglia. Basal levels of cAMP were 2.25 +/- 0.21 fmol per ganglion for 900 ganglia. Forskolin stimulated a dose-dependent increase in cAMP over a concentration range of 0.05 to 50 microM, with a level of 18.6 +/- 4.9 fmol/ganglion at 50 microM forskolin. The inactive forskolin analog 1,9-dideoxyforskolin did not elevate cAMP. Addition of IBMX to the incubation medium stimulated a dose-dependent increase in cAMP over a concentration range of 0.1-1000 microM, with a level of 17.58 +/- 3.38 fmol/ganglion at 1000 microM IBMX. Application of 1 mM IBMX strongly potentiated the stimulating action of forskolin on cAMP levels. Our results derived from direct determination of cAMP changes in small intestinal myenteric ganglia are consistent with existing electrophysiological evidence for second messenger function of cAMP in slow synaptic modulation of excitability in AH/Type 2 neurons of the enteric nervous system.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D008297	Male		Males
D009197	Myenteric Plexus	One of two ganglionated neural networks which together form the ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the gut. Its neurons project to the circular muscle, to other myenteric ganglia, to submucosal ganglia, or directly to the epithelium, and play an important role in regulating and patterning gut motility. (From FASEB J 1989;3:127-38)	Auerbach's Plexus,Auerbach Plexus,Auerbachs Plexus,Plexus, Auerbach's,Plexus, Myenteric
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D004594	Electrophysiology	The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.
D004789	Enzyme Activation	Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.	Activation, Enzyme,Activations, Enzyme,Enzyme Activations
D005576	Colforsin	Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	Coleonol,Forskolin,N,N-Dimethyl-beta-alanine-5-(acetyloxy)-3-ethenyldodecahydro-10,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-1H-naphtho(2,1-b)pyran-6-yl Ester HCl,NKH 477,NKH-477,NKH477
D005724	Ganglia	Clusters of multipolar neurons surrounded by a capsule of loosely organized CONNECTIVE TISSUE located outside the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000242	Cyclic AMP	An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.	Adenosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,Cyclic AMP, (R)-Isomer,Cyclic AMP, Disodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monoammonium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monopotassium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monosodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Sodium Salt,3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic,AMP, Cyclic,Adenosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic