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ADP-ribosylation of actin by Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin resulted in a depolymerization of filamentous F-actin and an increase of monomeric G-actin in cultured hepatocytes. Simultaneously the de novo synthesis of actin was largely reduced, while the synthesis of albumin and of other proteins was not significantly impaired. The specific decrease of actin mRNA to 30% of the control indicates a down-regulation of actin synthesis at a pretranslational level. On the other hand, treatment with the mycotoxin phalloidin resulted in an increase of F-actin and a decrease of monomeric G-actin. Under this condition the de novo synthesis of actin was specifically enhanced and the level of actin mRNA was increased to 600% of the control. The data suggest an autoregulatory control of the actin synthesis.
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