Biomaterial Database

Enzyme-based field-effect transistor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensing. 2007

Satoshi Migita, and Kazunari Ozasa, and Tomoya Tanaka, and Tetsuya Haruyama

Department of Biological Functions and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu Science and Research Park, Fukuoka, Japan.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) not only functions as an energy-carrier substance and an informative molecule, but also acts as a marker substance in studies of both bio-traces and cellular/tissular viability. Due to the importance of the ATP function for living organisms, in situ assays of ATP are in demand in various fields, e.g., hygiene. In the present study, we developed an ATP sensor that combines the selective catalytic activity of enzyme and the properties of an ion selective field effect transistor (ISFET). In this system, the ATP hydrolyrase, "apyrase (EC 3.6.1.5.)" is encased in a gel and mounted on a Ta(2)O(5) ISFET gate surface. When the enzyme layer selectively catalyzes the dephosphorylation of ATP, protons are accumulated at the gate because the enzymatic reaction produces H(+) as a byproduct. Based on the interfacial enzymatic reaction, the response from the ISFET is completely dependent upon the ATP concentration in the bulk solution. This device is readily applicable to practical in situ ATP measurement, e.g. hygienic usage.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008567	Membranes, Artificial	Artificially produced membranes, such as semipermeable membranes used in artificial kidney dialysis (RENAL DIALYSIS), monomolecular and bimolecular membranes used as models to simulate biological CELL MEMBRANES. These membranes are also used in the process of GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION.	Artificial Membranes,Artificial Membrane,Membrane, Artificial
D002021	Buffers	A chemical system that functions to control the levels of specific ions in solution. When the level of hydrogen ion in solution is controlled the system is called a pH buffer.	Buffer
D004798	Enzymes	Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however CATALYTIC RNA and CATALYTIC DNA molecules have also been identified.	Biocatalyst,Enzyme,Biocatalysts
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D001081	Apyrase	A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5.	ADPase,ATP-Diphosphatase,Adenosine Diphosphatase,ADP Phosphohydrolase,ATP Diphosphohydrolase,ATP-ADPase,ATP ADPase,ATP Diphosphatase,Diphosphatase, Adenosine,Diphosphohydrolase, ATP,Phosphohydrolase, ADP
D014173	Transistors, Electronic	Electrical devices that are composed of semiconductor material, with at least three connections to an external electronic circuit. They are used to amplify electrical signals, detect signals, or as switches.	Electronic Transistors,Electronic Transistor,Transistor, Electronic