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Long-term sensitization training produces spike narrowing in Aplysia sensory neurons. 2007

Evangelos G Antzoulatos, and John H Byrne
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

Both short- and long-term sensitization of withdrawal reflexes of Aplysia are attributable at least in part to facilitation of the sensorimotor synapse. Previously, short-term synaptic facilitation has been associated with spike broadening and no change in temporal dynamics of burst transmission. In the present study, we examined whether long-term sensitization (LTS) is also associated with spike broadening and whether long-term synaptic facilitation is accompanied by changes in temporal dynamics. The results indicate that the temporal dynamics of the sensorimotor synapse are preserved after long-term facilitation. However, in contrast to short-term sensitization, LTS was accompanied by spike narrowing. The spike narrowing was observed both in centrally triggered spikes in isolated ganglia and in peripherally triggered spikes in reduced tail preparations. In addition, in reduced tail preparations, fewer spike failures in the afferent discharge of sensory neurons occurred in response to tail stimulation after ipsilateral LTS. Collectively, the results reveal that long-term sensitization affects the spike waveform of sensory neurons and enhances the sensory neuron responses to peripheral stimuli, but does not modify the synaptic dynamics of homosynaptic depression.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007858 Learning Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge. Phenomenography
D009043 Motor Activity Body movements of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon. Activities, Motor,Activity, Motor,Motor Activities
D009473 Neuronal Plasticity The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations. Brain Plasticity,Plasticity, Neuronal,Axon Pruning,Axonal Pruning,Dendrite Arborization,Dendrite Pruning,Dendritic Arborization,Dendritic Pruning,Dendritic Remodeling,Neural Plasticity,Neurite Pruning,Neuronal Arborization,Neuronal Network Remodeling,Neuronal Pruning,Neuronal Remodeling,Neuroplasticity,Synaptic Plasticity,Synaptic Pruning,Arborization, Dendrite,Arborization, Dendritic,Arborization, Neuronal,Arborizations, Dendrite,Arborizations, Dendritic,Arborizations, Neuronal,Axon Prunings,Axonal Prunings,Brain Plasticities,Dendrite Arborizations,Dendrite Prunings,Dendritic Arborizations,Dendritic Prunings,Dendritic Remodelings,Network Remodeling, Neuronal,Network Remodelings, Neuronal,Neural Plasticities,Neurite Prunings,Neuronal Arborizations,Neuronal Network Remodelings,Neuronal Plasticities,Neuronal Prunings,Neuronal Remodelings,Neuroplasticities,Plasticities, Brain,Plasticities, Neural,Plasticities, Neuronal,Plasticities, Synaptic,Plasticity, Brain,Plasticity, Neural,Plasticity, Synaptic,Pruning, Axon,Pruning, Axonal,Pruning, Dendrite,Pruning, Dendritic,Pruning, Neurite,Pruning, Neuronal,Pruning, Synaptic,Prunings, Axon,Prunings, Axonal,Prunings, Dendrite,Prunings, Dendritic,Prunings, Neurite,Prunings, Neuronal,Prunings, Synaptic,Remodeling, Dendritic,Remodeling, Neuronal,Remodeling, Neuronal Network,Remodelings, Dendritic,Remodelings, Neuronal,Remodelings, Neuronal Network,Synaptic Plasticities,Synaptic Prunings
D009475 Neurons, Afferent Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Afferent Neurons,Afferent Neuron,Neuron, Afferent
D000200 Action Potentials Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli. Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001048 Aplysia An opisthobranch mollusk of the order Anaspidea. It is used frequently in studies of nervous system development because of its large identifiable neurons. Aplysiatoxin and its derivatives are not biosynthesized by Aplysia, but acquired by ingestion of Lyngbya (seaweed) species. Aplysias
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D017774 Long-Term Potentiation A persistent increase in synaptic efficacy, usually induced by appropriate activation of the same synapses. The phenomenological properties of long-term potentiation suggest that it may be a cellular mechanism of learning and memory. Long Term Potentiation,Long-Term Potentiations,Potentiation, Long-Term,Potentiations, Long-Term
D019706 Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS. EPSP,End Plate Potentials,Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents,Current, Excitatory Postsynaptic,Currents, Excitatory Postsynaptic,End Plate Potential,Excitatory Postsynaptic Current,Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential,Plate Potential, End,Plate Potentials, End,Postsynaptic Current, Excitatory,Postsynaptic Currents, Excitatory,Postsynaptic Potential, Excitatory,Postsynaptic Potentials, Excitatory,Potential, End Plate,Potential, Excitatory Postsynaptic,Potentials, End Plate,Potentials, Excitatory Postsynaptic

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