Antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine- containing glass ionomer cement in vivo: a pilot study. 2007

J E Frencken, and S Imazato, and C Toi, and J Mulder, and S Mickenautsch, and Y Takahashi, and S Ebisu
WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health Care Planning and Future Scenarios, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. j.frencken@dent.umcn.nl

This in vivo pilot study was carried out to test the antibacterial effect of glass ionomer containing chlorhexidine (test group) in comparison to conventional glass ionomer (control group). Fifty 6- to 11-year-old children with one occlusal lesion in a molar were randomly allocated to test and control groups in a parallel-group design. The cavity walls and one half of the floor were cleaned and restored with one of the materials without dentine conditioning. The restorations were removed after 7 days. Dentine samples were taken from the cleaned (affected dentine) and noncleaned area (infected dentine) at baseline and at day 7. Samples were anaerobically and aerobically cultivated for mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and total viable bacterial count (TVC) following common laboratory procedures. ANCOVA was used to test for treatment effects. Seven days after treatment, a significant decrease in anaerobic and aerobic bacterial counts (p = 0.0001) was shown. Lower numbers of anaerobic lactobacilli (p = 0.02), TVC (p = 0.008) and aerobic lactobacilli and TVC (p = 0.03), but not of mutans streptococci, were indicated in the test group compared to the control group. A significant reduction in aerobic lactobacilli from infected dentine treated with the glass ionomer containing chlorhexidine (p = 0.05) was observed whereas in affected dentine, anaerobic mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and TVC and aerobic TVC and mutans streptococci were significantly lower in the test group 7 days after treatment (p = 0.01). We conclude that the present pilot study revealed lower microorganism counts in chlorhexidine-containing glass ionomers than in conventional glass ionomers for both affected and infected dentine over a 7-day period.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007778 Lactobacillus A genus of gram-positive, microaerophilic, rod-shaped bacteria occurring widely in nature. Its species are also part of the many normal flora of the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of many mammals, including humans. Lactobacillus species are homofermentative and ferment a broad spectrum of carbohydrates often host-adapted but do not ferment PENTOSES. Most members were previously assigned to the Lactobacillus delbrueckii group. Pathogenicity from this genus is rare.
D010865 Pilot Projects Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work. Pilot Studies,Pilot Study,Pilot Project,Project, Pilot,Projects, Pilot,Studies, Pilot,Study, Pilot
D001840 Dental Bonding An adhesion procedure for orthodontic attachments, such as plastic DENTAL CROWNS. This process usually includes the application of an adhesive material (DENTAL CEMENTS) and letting it harden in-place by light or chemical curing. Bonding, Dental,Cure of Orthodontic Adhesives,Curing, Dental Cement,Dental Cement Curing,Orthodontic Adhesives Cure
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002710 Chlorhexidine A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque. Chlorhexidine Acetate,Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride,MK-412A,Novalsan,Sebidin A,Tubulicid,Acetate, Chlorhexidine,Hydrochloride, Chlorhexidine,MK 412A,MK412A
D003731 Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp. Caries, Dental,Carious Lesions,Dental Cavities,Dental Cavity,Dental Decay,Dental White Spots,Carious Dentin,Decay, Dental,Dental White Spot,White Spot, Dental,White Spots, Dental,Carious Dentins,Carious Lesion,Cavities, Dental,Cavity, Dental,Dentin, Carious,Dentins, Carious,Lesion, Carious,Lesions, Carious,Spot, Dental White,Spots, Dental White
D003793 Dental Restoration, Permanent A restoration designed to remain in service for not less than 20 to 30 years, usually made of gold casting, cohesive gold, or amalgam. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992) Dental Fillings, Permanent,Dental Filling, Permanent,Dental Permanent Filling,Dental Permanent Fillings,Dental Restorations, Permanent,Filling, Dental Permanent,Filling, Permanent Dental,Fillings, Dental Permanent,Fillings, Permanent Dental,Permanent Dental Filling,Permanent Dental Fillings,Permanent Dental Restoration,Permanent Dental Restorations,Permanent Filling, Dental,Permanent Fillings, Dental,Restoration, Permanent Dental,Restorations, Permanent Dental
D003804 Dentin The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992) Dentine,Dentines,Dentins
D005899 Glass Ionomer Cements A polymer obtained by reacting polyacrylic acid with a special anion-leachable glass (alumino-silicate). The resulting cement is more durable and tougher than others in that the materials comprising the polymer backbone do not leach out. Glass Ionomer Cement,Glass Polyalkenoate Cement,Polyalkenoate Cement,Polyalkenoate Cements,Glass Polyalkenoate Cements,Glass-Ionomer Cement,Cement, Glass Ionomer,Cement, Glass Polyalkenoate,Cement, Glass-Ionomer,Cement, Polyalkenoate,Cements, Glass Ionomer,Cements, Glass Polyalkenoate,Cements, Glass-Ionomer,Cements, Polyalkenoate,Glass-Ionomer Cements,Ionomer Cement, Glass,Polyalkenoate Cement, Glass
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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