Variability in occurrence of multiple prophage genes in Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated in Slovak Republic. 2007

Hana Drahovská, and Eva Mikasová, and Tomás Szemes, and Andrej Ficek, and Milan Sásik, and Viktor Majtán, and Ján Turna
Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. drahovska@fns.uniba.sk

Lysogenic bacteriophages are a significant source of variability in closely related Salmonella strains. In this study, screening for diversity of 152 Salmonella Typhimurium strains was performed using PCR detection of selected prophage regions derived from phages P22, Gifsy-1, Gifsy-2, Fels-1, ST104 and SopEPhi. A high degree of variability was observed in the presence of specific genes. Based on the presence of particular prophage genes, we divided strains into 37 different PCR-prophage profiles; 20 of them were represented by only a single strain. Using multilocus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), 152 Salmonella strains were separated into 82 MLVA strings. Similar grouping of Salmonella strains was observed in the case of PCR-prophage detection and MLVA and the results corresponded well with the phage type of strains. However, several Salmonella strains were detected, which were closely related according to MLVA; yet, they differed in PCR phage profiles. The observations support a view that integration/excision of bacteriophages in Salmonella strains are frequent events shaping the bacterial genome.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010802 Phylogeny The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup. Community Phylogenetics,Molecular Phylogenetics,Phylogenetic Analyses,Phylogenetic Analysis,Phylogenetic Clustering,Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis,Phylogenetic Comparative Methods,Phylogenetic Distance,Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares,Phylogenetic Groups,Phylogenetic Incongruence,Phylogenetic Inference,Phylogenetic Networks,Phylogenetic Reconstruction,Phylogenetic Relatedness,Phylogenetic Relationships,Phylogenetic Signal,Phylogenetic Structure,Phylogenetic Tree,Phylogenetic Trees,Phylogenomics,Analyse, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic Comparative,Clustering, Phylogenetic,Community Phylogenetic,Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic,Comparative Method, Phylogenetic,Distance, Phylogenetic,Group, Phylogenetic,Incongruence, Phylogenetic,Inference, Phylogenetic,Method, Phylogenetic Comparative,Molecular Phylogenetic,Network, Phylogenetic,Phylogenetic Analyse,Phylogenetic Clusterings,Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses,Phylogenetic Comparative Method,Phylogenetic Distances,Phylogenetic Group,Phylogenetic Incongruences,Phylogenetic Inferences,Phylogenetic Network,Phylogenetic Reconstructions,Phylogenetic Relatednesses,Phylogenetic Relationship,Phylogenetic Signals,Phylogenetic Structures,Phylogenetic, Community,Phylogenetic, Molecular,Phylogenies,Phylogenomic,Reconstruction, Phylogenetic,Relatedness, Phylogenetic,Relationship, Phylogenetic,Signal, Phylogenetic,Structure, Phylogenetic,Tree, Phylogenetic
D005798 Genes, Bacterial The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA. Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D001434 Bacteriophage Typing A technique of bacterial typing which differentiates between bacteria or strains of bacteria by their susceptibility to one or more bacteriophages. Phage Typing,Typing, Bacteriophage,Typing, Phage
D012483 Salmonella Phages Viruses whose host is Salmonella. A frequently encountered Salmonella phage is BACTERIOPHAGE P22. Salmonella Bacteriophages,Bacteriophage, Salmonella,Bacteriophages, Salmonella,Salmonella Bacteriophage,Salmonella Phage
D012486 Salmonella typhimurium A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER. Salmonella typhimurium LT2
D014644 Genetic Variation Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population. Genetic Diversity,Variation, Genetic,Diversity, Genetic,Diversities, Genetic,Genetic Diversities,Genetic Variations,Variations, Genetic
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D017422 Sequence Analysis, DNA A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis. DNA Sequence Analysis,Sequence Determination, DNA,Analysis, DNA Sequence,DNA Sequence Determination,DNA Sequence Determinations,DNA Sequencing,Determination, DNA Sequence,Determinations, DNA Sequence,Sequence Determinations, DNA,Analyses, DNA Sequence,DNA Sequence Analyses,Sequence Analyses, DNA,Sequencing, DNA
D018154 Slovakia Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Slovak Republic
D039002 Prophages Genomes of temperate BACTERIOPHAGES integrated into the DNA of their bacterial host cell. The prophages can be duplicated for many cell generations until some stimulus induces its activation and virulence. Prophage

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