Biomaterial Database

Effect of regional alveolar hypoxia on gas exchange in pulmonary edema. 1992

K B Domino, and F W Cheney, and B L Eisenstein, and M P Hlastala

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

We studied the effects of left lower lobe (LLL) alveolar hypoxia on ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) heterogeneity in anesthetized dogs with acute (1-h-old) and mature (24-h-old) permeability pulmonary edema, induced by intravenous administration of 0.05 ml/kg of oleic acid. The left upper lobe was removed and a bronchial divider was placed to allow separate ventilation of the right lung (fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2] = 1.0) and the LLL (FIO2 = 1.0 or 0.05). Gas exchange was assessed using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. In acute pulmonary edema, LLL hypoxia reduced LLL blood flow and increased true shunt of the LLL compared with a hyperoxic control group. VA/Q heterogeneity of the LLL was markedly increased, indicated by increases in the logarithmic standard deviation of the perfusion distribution (log SDQ) and the retention index of dispersion corrected for shunt (DISPR*). Increases in true shunt and log SDQ were significantly greater than those observed with lobar hypoxia in normal lungs before oleic acid injury. In mature oleic acid injury, LLL alveolar hypoxia resulted in a similar reduction in LLL blood flow and increase in inert gas shunt and DISPR*. We conclude that lobar alveolar hypoxia increased VA/Q heterogeneity of the hypoxic lobe to a greater degree in oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema compared with normal lungs. Phase of oleic acid injury (acute versus mature) did not affect gas exchange during alveolar hypoxia.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009829	Oleic Acids	A group of fatty acids that contain 18 carbon atoms and a double bond at the omega 9 carbon.	Octadecenoic Acids,Acids, Octadecenoic,Acids, Oleic
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011650	Pulmonary Alveoli	Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.	Alveoli, Pulmonary,Alveolus, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Alveolus
D011654	Pulmonary Edema	Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	Wet Lung,Edema, Pulmonary,Edemas, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Edemas,Lung, Wet,Lungs, Wet,Wet Lungs
D011659	Pulmonary Gas Exchange	The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.	Exchange, Pulmonary Gas,Gas Exchange, Pulmonary
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D019301	Oleic Acid	An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed)	9-Octadecenoic Acid,Oleate,cis-9-Octadecenoic Acid,9 Octadecenoic Acid,cis 9 Octadecenoic Acid