Short-term poststimulatory response characteristics of the human acoustic stapedius reflex: monotic and dichotic stimulation. 1992

A T Cacace, and R H Margolis, and E M Relkin
Department of Surgery, Albany Medical College, New York 12208.

Two experiments were performed to study short-term poststimulatory response characteristics of the human acoustic stapedius reflex in the time and intensity domains. In experiment 1, monotic magnitude-intensity functions (MIFs) were obtained for a 20-ms test stimulus preceded by a conditioning stimulus varying in duration (20, 50, 100, 500 ms) and level (-10, 0, +10 dB re: stapedius-reflex threshold) and temporally separated from the test stimulus by various interstimulus intervals (ISIs) (0, 20, 50, 100, 500 ms). Experiment 2 was similar in design except that conditioner and test stimuli were presented dichotically and fewer ISIs were used. Both experiments demonstrated that a prior conditioning stimulus produced significant increases in test-stimulus response magnitude. These poststimulatory effects were characterized by complex interactions among stimulus variables (conditioner duration, conditioner level, and interstimulus interval) with similar interactions occurring for both monotic and dichotic stimuli. A simple superposition effect of the responses to the conditioner and test stimulus does not account for the effect of prior stimulation since responses often exceeded the sum of the responses to the conditioner and the test stimulus alone.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D012022 Reflex, Acoustic Intra-aural contraction of tensor tympani and stapedius in response to sound. Acoustic Reflex
D004007 Dichotic Listening Tests Tests for central hearing disorders based on the competing message technique (binaural separation). Dichotic Listening Test,Listening Test, Dichotic,Listening Tests, Dichotic,Test, Dichotic Listening,Tests, Dichotic Listening
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000161 Acoustic Stimulation Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system. Auditory Stimulation,Stimulation, Acoustic,Stimulation, Auditory
D000162 Acoustics The branch of physics that deals with sound and sound waves. In medicine it is often applied in procedures in speech and hearing studies. With regard to the environment, it refers to the characteristics of a room, auditorium, theatre, building, etc. that determines the audibility or fidelity of sounds in it. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Acoustic
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D001299 Audiometry The testing of the acuity of the sense of hearing to determine the thresholds of the lowest intensity levels at which an individual can hear a set of tones. The frequencies between 125 and 8000 Hz are used to test air conduction thresholds and the frequencies between 250 and 4000 Hz are used to test bone conduction thresholds. Audiometries
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor

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