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A change in natural killer (NK) cell activity can be conditioned with one trial learning when conditioned stimulus (CS) precedes the unconditioned stimulus (US). To avoid the problems associated with two reexposures in our earlier studies, we have developed a reliable and simple conditioning protocol utilizing the one trial learning and one reexposure to the odor CS. The conditioned change in NK cell activity was significantly different (P less than 0.05) from the control groups of mice. The paradigm is short and simple in that the conditioned change could be demonstrated within 3 days. We have also compared the effects of temporal association of CS and US on conditioned increase in NK cell activity. Forward conditioning (CS preceded the US) demonstrated a conditioned change, but the backward conditioning protocol did not. The paradigm provides a reliable approach to the study of mechanisms of the phenomenon of odor-NK conditioning.
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1992,
Psychosomatic medicine,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
July 1994,
The International journal of neuroscience,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
February 2005,
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands),
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1994,
Neuroimmunomodulation,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1994,
Neuroimmunomodulation,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1990,
Clinical immunology and immunopathology,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1998,
Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
October 2019,
Cancers,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
February 2012,
Behavioural brain research,
H B Solvason, and
V K Ghanta, and
S J Soong, and
C F Rogers, and
C M Hsueh, and
N S Hiramoto, and
R N Hiramoto
January 1988,
Yonsei medical journal,
