Lack of alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities in the stomach of Japanese subjects. 1991

E Baraona, and A Yokoyama, and H Ishii, and R Hernández-Muñoz, and T Takagi, and M Tsuchiya, and C S Lieber
Alcohol Research Center, Bronx V.A. Medical Center, NY 10468.

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes different from those of the liver were shown to be present in the human gastric mucosa. Two ADH activity bands present in the gastric mucosa of surgical specimens from all 7 black and 11 white Americans studied were absent in 14 and barely detectable in 3 of 21 Japanese subjects evaluated. Similar ethnic differences pertained to both genders and were independent of the gastric pathology. The mobility of these bands on starch gel electrophoresis corresponded to those recently reported and named mu-ADH or sigma-ADH. The absence of these bands was associated with a 70% decreased capacity to reduce m-nitrobenzaldehyde, a preferred substrate for sigma-ADH, suggesting that the bands missing from the Japanese stomachs comprise this isoenzyme.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007527 Isoenzymes Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics. Alloenzyme,Allozyme,Isoenzyme,Isozyme,Isozymes,Alloenzymes,Allozymes
D008297 Male Males
D004592 Electrophoresis, Starch Gel Electrophoresis in which a starch gel (a mixture of amylose and amylopectin) is used as the diffusion medium. Starch Gel Electrophoresis
D005260 Female Females
D005753 Gastric Mucosa Lining of the STOMACH, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. The surface cells produce MUCUS that protects the stomach from attack by digestive acid and enzymes. When the epithelium invaginates into the LAMINA PROPRIA at various region of the stomach (CARDIA; GASTRIC FUNDUS; and PYLORUS), different tubular gastric glands are formed. These glands consist of cells that secrete mucus, enzymes, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, or hormones. Cardiac Glands,Gastric Glands,Pyloric Glands,Cardiac Gland,Gastric Gland,Gastric Mucosas,Gland, Cardiac,Gland, Gastric,Gland, Pyloric,Glands, Cardiac,Glands, Gastric,Glands, Pyloric,Mucosa, Gastric,Mucosas, Gastric,Pyloric Gland
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000426 Alcohol Dehydrogenase A zinc-containing enzyme which oxidizes primary and secondary alcohols or hemiacetals in the presence of NAD. In alcoholic fermentation, it catalyzes the final step of reducing an aldehyde to an alcohol in the presence of NADH and hydrogen. Alcohol Dehydrogenase (NAD+),Alcohol Dehydrogenase I,Alcohol Dehydrogenase II,Alcohol-NAD+ Oxidoreductase,Yeast Alcohol Dehydrogenase,Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Yeast,Alcohol NAD+ Oxidoreductase,Dehydrogenase, Alcohol,Dehydrogenase, Yeast Alcohol,Oxidoreductase, Alcohol-NAD+
D044469 Racial Groups Groups of individuals with similar physical appearances often reinforced by cultural, social and/or linguistic similarities. Continental Population Groups,Race,Racial Stocks,Continental Population Group,Group, Continental Population,Group, Racial,Groups, Continental Population,Groups, Racial,Population Group, Continental,Population Groups, Continental,Races,Racial Group,Racial Stock,Stock, Racial,Stocks, Racial

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