Initiation factors in protein synthesis by free and membrane-bound polyribosomes of liver and hepatoma. 1975

C N Murty, and E Verney, and H Sidransky

The activity of initiation factors obtained from free and membrane-bound polyribosomes of liver and of transplantable H5123 hepatoma of rats was investigated by using an assay of protein synthesis in vitro in which poly (U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis was measured. Initiation factors of membrane-bound polyribosomes prepared by using the anionic detergent deoxycholate exhibited less activity in incorporating [14C]phenylalanyltRNA into polypetides than did initiation factors of free polyribosomes. However, when membrane-bound polyribosomes were prepared after using the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100, no significant differences in activities in polyphenylalanine synthesis were observed between the initiation factors of free and membrane-bound polyribosomes. These results suggest that Triton X-100 is preferable to deoxycholate in the isolation of of initiation factors from polyribosomes. Initiation factors, prepared by using Triton X-100, of free polyribosomes of hepatoma exhibited greater activity in the stimulation of polyphenylalanine synthesis than did the initiation factors of free or membrane-bound polyribosomes of host livers or of membrane-bound polyribosomes of hepatomas.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D008113 Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. Cancer of Liver,Hepatic Cancer,Liver Cancer,Cancer of the Liver,Cancer, Hepatocellular,Hepatic Neoplasms,Hepatocellular Cancer,Neoplasms, Hepatic,Neoplasms, Liver,Cancer, Hepatic,Cancer, Liver,Cancers, Hepatic,Cancers, Hepatocellular,Cancers, Liver,Hepatic Cancers,Hepatic Neoplasm,Hepatocellular Cancers,Liver Cancers,Liver Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Hepatic,Neoplasm, Liver
D008566 Membranes Thin layers of tissue which cover parts of the body, separate adjacent cavities, or connect adjacent structures. Membrane Tissue,Membrane,Membrane Tissues,Tissue, Membrane,Tissues, Membrane
D009374 Neoplasms, Experimental Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms. Experimental Neoplasms,Experimental Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Experimental
D010448 Peptide Initiation Factors Protein factors uniquely required during the initiation phase of protein synthesis in GENETIC TRANSLATION. Initiation Factors,Initiation Factor,Factors, Peptide Initiation,Initiation Factors, Peptide
D010452 Peptide Biosynthesis The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules. Biosynthesis, Peptide
D010649 Phenylalanine An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE. Endorphenyl,L-Phenylalanine,Phenylalanine, L-Isomer,L-Isomer Phenylalanine,Phenylalanine, L Isomer
D011072 Poly U A group of uridine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each uridine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties. Polyuridylic Acids,Uracil Polynucleotides,Poly(rU),Acids, Polyuridylic,Polynucleotides, Uracil
D011092 Polyethylene Glycols Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS. Macrogols,Polyoxyethylenes,Carbowax,Macrogol,Polyethylene Glycol,Polyethylene Oxide,Polyethyleneoxide,Polyglycol,Glycol, Polyethylene,Glycols, Polyethylene,Oxide, Polyethylene,Oxides, Polyethylene,Polyethylene Oxides,Polyethyleneoxides,Polyglycols,Polyoxyethylene
D011132 Polyribosomes A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of RIBOSOMES held together by messenger RNA; (RNA, MESSENGER); They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed) Polysomes,Polyribosome,Polysome

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