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Optimization of pacing parameters for conditioned latissimus dorsi muscle in cardiomyoplasty. 1991

C R Davies, and R M Novoa, and G B Jacobs, and H Irié, and J F Chen, and D M Cosgrove
Biomedical Engineering and Applied Therapeutics Department, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195.

Synchronous paced contractions of latissimus dorsi muscle pedicle (LDM) around the heart improve ventricular function in dynamic cardiomyoplasty. To optimize assistance and prolong pacemaker battery life, the LDM should be stimulated with the lowest energy pacing parameters (PP) that will produce maximal muscle contraction. Muscle fractional shortening (FS) and duration of contraction (CT) were studied in conditioned, fatigue-resistant LDM of six goats. Fractional shortening and CT were determined at increasing amplitude, (A, 1-6v); pulse width, (PW, 60-450 musec); and frequency, (F, 5-130 Hz). Maximal rate of contraction was determined by pacing at higher rates. Maximal FS plateaued after V, 2.4 +/- .6v; PW, 125 +/- 47 musec; and F, 36 +/- 9 Hz. Mean CT for all PP was significantly longer (p less than or equal to 0.001) than the burst length (185 msec). Increasing F resulted in CT, which peaked at 460 +/- 59 msec. Increasing rate of contraction demonstrated that over 87 beats per minute the muscle fails to achieve complete relaxation, and, therefore, maximal FS.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009119 Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009200 Myocardial Contraction Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM. Heart Contractility,Inotropism, Cardiac,Cardiac Inotropism,Cardiac Inotropisms,Contractilities, Heart,Contractility, Heart,Contraction, Myocardial,Contractions, Myocardial,Heart Contractilities,Inotropisms, Cardiac,Myocardial Contractions
D010138 Pacemaker, Artificial A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external). Cardiac Pacemaker, Artificial,Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker,Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers,Artificial Pacemaker,Artificial Pacemakers,Cardiac Pacemakers, Artificial,Pacemaker, Artificial Cardiac,Pacemakers, Artificial,Pacemakers, Artificial Cardiac
D010369 Pectoralis Muscles The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles that make up the upper and fore part of the chest in front of the AXILLA. Pectoralis Major,Pectoralis Major Muscle,Pectoralis Minor,Pectoralis Minor Muscle,Pectoral Muscle,Muscle, Pectoral,Muscle, Pectoralis,Muscle, Pectoralis Major,Muscle, Pectoralis Minor,Muscles, Pectoralis Major,Pectoral Muscles,Pectoralis Major Muscles,Pectoralis Majors,Pectoralis Minor Muscles,Pectoralis Minors,Pectoralis Muscle
D006041 Goats Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP. Capra,Capras,Goat
D006439 Hemodynamics The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Hemodynamic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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