Carbon-isotopic composition of soil-respired carbon dioxide in static closed chambers at equilibrium. 2007

Germán Mora, and James W Raich
Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, 253 Science I Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA. gmora@iastate.edu

The carbon-isotopic composition (delta13C) of soil-respired CO2 has been employed to evaluate soil carbon-cycling processes and the contribution of soil CO2 emissions to canopy and tropospheric air. These evaluations can be successful only when accurate isotope values of soil-respired CO2 are available. Here, we tested the robustness of delta13C values of soil-respired CO2 obtained after long incubations in static closed chambers that were initially flushed with soil air. The rationale of this approach is that the equilibrium carbon-isotope values of chamber-headspace CO2 are theoretically equal to those of CO2 produced within the soil. Static closed chambers were installed in replicated grass monocultures, and measurements of headspace CO2 concentrations and delta13C values were performed at regular time intervals for 24 h in July 2005. The results revealed no significant effects of grass species on headspace CO2 concentrations or delta13C values (repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), P>0.1). As predicted by theory, isotope values asymptotically approached equilibrium conditions, which in our experimental setting occurred after 10 h. This good match between model predictions and our results suggests that an accurate determination of delta13C values of CO2 produced within soils is obtained through the isotopic measurement of chamber-headspace CO2 once equilibrium conditions have been reached with the underlying soils. An additional advantage of this approach is that only one sample per chamber is required, which, combined with the low uncertainties of these measurements, facilitates the investigation of the spatial (landscape) variability of soil-respired CO2.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002245 Carbon Dioxide A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. Carbonic Anhydride,Anhydride, Carbonic,Dioxide, Carbon
D002247 Carbon Isotopes Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope. Carbon Isotope,Isotope, Carbon,Isotopes, Carbon
D004784 Environmental Monitoring The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment. Monitoring, Environmental,Environmental Surveillance,Surveillance, Environmental
D001673 Biodegradation, Environmental Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers. Bioremediation,Phytoremediation,Natural Attenuation, Pollution,Environmental Biodegradation,Pollution Natural Attenuation
D012987 Soil The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants. Peat,Humus,Soils
D013057 Spectrum Analysis The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed) Spectroscopy,Analysis, Spectrum,Spectrometry

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