Involvement of RNA binding proteins AUF1 in mammary gland differentiation. 2007

Kentaro Nagaoka, and Tetsuya Tanaka, and Kazuhiko Imakawa, and Senkiti Sakai
Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo, Japan. akenaga@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

The expression of many genes, such as beta-casein, c-myc, and cyclin D1, is altered by lactogenic hormone stimulation during mammary epithelial cell differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role to establish gene expression required to initiate milk production as well as transcriptional control. AUF1 protein, a member of the AU-rich element (ARE)-binding protein family, plays a role in ARE-mRNA turnover by regulating mRNA stability and/or translational control. Cytoplasmic localization of AUF1 protein is critically linked to function. We show that as the mammary gland differentiates, AUF1 protein moves from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Moreover, in mammary gland epithelial cells (HC11), stimulation by lactogenic hormone decreased cytoplasmic and increased nuclear AUF1 levels. Direct binding of AUF1 protein was observed on c-myc mRNA, but not beta-casein or cyclin D1 mRNA. AUF1 downregulation in HC11 cells increased the expression of beta-casein mRNA and decreased the expression of c-myc mRNA by lactogenic hormone. Conversely, overexpression of AUF1 inhibited these effects of lactogenic hormone stimulation in HC11 cells. These results suggest that AUF1 participates in mammary gland differentiation processes under the control of lactogenic hormone signals.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008321 Mammary Glands, Animal MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS. Mammae,Udder,Animal Mammary Glands,Animal Mammary Gland,Mammary Gland, Animal,Udders
D008813 Mice, Inbred ICR An inbred strain of mouse that is used as a general purpose research strain, for therapeutic drug testing, and for the genetic analysis of CARCINOGEN-induced COLON CANCER. Mice, Inbred ICRC,Mice, ICR,Mouse, ICR,Mouse, Inbred ICR,Mouse, Inbred ICRC,ICR Mice,ICR Mice, Inbred,ICR Mouse,ICR Mouse, Inbred,ICRC Mice, Inbred,ICRC Mouse, Inbred,Inbred ICR Mice,Inbred ICR Mouse,Inbred ICRC Mice,Inbred ICRC Mouse
D011388 Prolactin A lactogenic hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). It is a polypeptide of approximately 23 kD. Besides its major action on lactation, in some species prolactin exerts effects on reproduction, maternal behavior, fat metabolism, immunomodulation and osmoregulation. Prolactin receptors are present in the mammary gland, hypothalamus, liver, ovary, testis, and prostate. Lactogenic Hormone, Pituitary,Mammotropic Hormone, Pituitary,Mammotropin,PRL (Prolactin),Hormone, Pituitary Lactogenic,Hormone, Pituitary Mammotropic,Pituitary Lactogenic Hormone,Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone
D002364 Caseins A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. alpha-Casein,gamma-Casein,AD beta-Casein,Acetylated, Dephosphorylated beta-Casein,Casein,Casein A,K-Casein,Sodium Caseinate,alpha(S1)-Casein,alpha(S1)-Casein A,alpha(S1)-Casein B,alpha(S1)-Casein C,alpha(S2)-Casein,alpha-Caseins,beta-Casein,beta-Caseins,epsilon-Casein,gamma-Caseins,kappa-Casein,kappa-Caseins,AD beta Casein,Caseinate, Sodium,K Casein,alpha Casein,alpha Caseins,beta Casein,beta Caseins,beta-Casein Acetylated, Dephosphorylated,beta-Casein, AD,epsilon Casein,gamma Casein,gamma Caseins,kappa Casein,kappa Caseins
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D005260 Female Females
D000067780 ELAV-Like Protein 1 An RRM protein that binds to the 3'-UTR region of mRNAs and increases their stability. In EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS, it binds to poly-U elements and AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTR of target mRNAs and preferentially binds mRNAs that are not methylated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A), to stabilize them and promote differentiation. ELAVL1 protein,HuR Antigen,HuR Paraneoplastic Encephalomyelitis Antigen,HuR Protein,Antigen, HuR,ELAV Like Protein 1,Protein, HuR,protein, ELAVL1
D000081035 Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0 Member of a subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (hnRNP D0) specifically binds RNA molecules that contain AU RICH ELEMENTS found within the 3'-UTR of many PROTO-ONCOGENES and CYTOKINES mRNAs. It functions as a transcription factor, binds to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner. AU-rich Element RNA-binding Protein 1, 37 kDa,AUF1 Protein,AUF1A Protein,P37 AUF1 Protein,hnRNP D0,AU rich Element RNA binding Protein 1, 37 kDa,AUF1 Protein, P37
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000954 Antigens, Surface Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated. Cell Surface Antigens,Surface Antigens,Surface Markers, Immunological,Cell Surface Antigen,Immunologic Surface Markers,Markers, Immunological Surface,Surface Antigen,Surface Markers, Immunologic,Antigen, Cell Surface,Antigen, Surface,Antigens, Cell Surface,Immunological Surface Markers,Markers, Immunologic Surface,Surface Antigen, Cell,Surface Antigens, Cell

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