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Only one esterase of Drosophila melanogaster is likely to degrade juvenile hormone in vivo. 2007

Erica J Crone, and Tara D Sutherland, and Peter M Campbell, and Christopher W Coppin, and Robyn J Russell, and John G Oakeshott
CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Previously we identified juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) from Drosophila melanogaster by the criteria that it showed both appropriate developmental expression and kinetics for juvenile hormone (JH). We also noted three further esterases of D. melanogaster with some JHE-like characteristics, such as a GQSAG active site motif, a particular amphipathic helix, or close phylogenetic relationship with other JHEs. In this study, these JHE-like enzymes were expressed in vitro and their kinetic parameters compared with those of the previously identified JHE. Despite considerable phylogenetic distance between some of the esterases, they could all hydrolyse racemic JHIII. However, only the previously identified JHE had kinetic parameters (K(M) and k(cat)) towards various forms of JH (racemic or individual isomers of JHIII, JHII, JHI, and methyl farnesoate) consistent with a physiological role in JH regulation. Furthermore, only this JHE showed a preference for artificial substrates with acyl chain lengths similar to that of JH. This suggests that there is probably only one physiologically functional JHE in D. melanogaster but multiple esterases with JH esterase activity. Genomic comparisons of the selective JHE across 11 other Drosophila species showed a single orthologue in 10 of them but Drosophila willistoni has 16 full-length copies, five of them with the GQSAG motif and amphipathic helix.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007605 Juvenile Hormones Compounds, either natural or synthetic, which block development of the growing insect. Insect Growth Regulator,Insect Growth Regulators,Juvenile Hormone,Growth Regulators, Insect,Regulators, Insect Growth,Growth Regulator, Insect,Hormone, Juvenile,Hormones, Juvenile,Regulator, Insect Growth
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D010802 Phylogeny The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup. Community Phylogenetics,Molecular Phylogenetics,Phylogenetic Analyses,Phylogenetic Analysis,Phylogenetic Clustering,Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis,Phylogenetic Comparative Methods,Phylogenetic Distance,Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares,Phylogenetic Groups,Phylogenetic Incongruence,Phylogenetic Inference,Phylogenetic Networks,Phylogenetic Reconstruction,Phylogenetic Relatedness,Phylogenetic Relationships,Phylogenetic Signal,Phylogenetic Structure,Phylogenetic Tree,Phylogenetic Trees,Phylogenomics,Analyse, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic Comparative,Clustering, Phylogenetic,Community Phylogenetic,Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic,Comparative Method, Phylogenetic,Distance, Phylogenetic,Group, Phylogenetic,Incongruence, Phylogenetic,Inference, Phylogenetic,Method, Phylogenetic Comparative,Molecular Phylogenetic,Network, Phylogenetic,Phylogenetic Analyse,Phylogenetic Clusterings,Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses,Phylogenetic Comparative Method,Phylogenetic Distances,Phylogenetic Group,Phylogenetic Incongruences,Phylogenetic Inferences,Phylogenetic Network,Phylogenetic Reconstructions,Phylogenetic Relatednesses,Phylogenetic Relationship,Phylogenetic Signals,Phylogenetic Structures,Phylogenetic, Community,Phylogenetic, Molecular,Phylogenies,Phylogenomic,Reconstruction, Phylogenetic,Relatedness, Phylogenetic,Relationship, Phylogenetic,Signal, Phylogenetic,Structure, Phylogenetic,Tree, Phylogenetic
D002265 Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters with the formation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid anion. Carboxylesterases,Ester Hydrolases, Carboxylic,Hydrolases, Carboxylic Ester
D004330 Drosophila A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology. Fruit Fly, Drosophila,Drosophila Fruit Flies,Drosophila Fruit Fly,Drosophilas,Flies, Drosophila Fruit,Fly, Drosophila Fruit,Fruit Flies, Drosophila
D004331 Drosophila melanogaster A species of fruit fly frequently used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes. D. melanogaster,Drosophila melanogasters,melanogaster, Drosophila
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D020816 Amino Acid Motifs Three-dimensional protein structural elements that are composed of a combination of secondary structures. They include HELIX-LOOP-HELIX MOTIFS and ZINC FINGERS. Motifs are typically the most conserved regions of PROTEIN DOMAINS and are critical for domain function. However, the same motif may occur in proteins or enzymes with different functions. AA Motifs,Motifs, Amino Acid,Protein Motifs,Protein Structure, Supersecondary,Supersecondary Protein Structure,AA Motif,Amino Acid Motif,Motif, AA,Motif, Amino Acid,Motif, Protein,Motifs, AA,Motifs, Protein,Protein Motif,Protein Structures, Supersecondary,Supersecondary Protein Structures

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