Biomaterial Database

Reduced apoptosis in BALB/c mice infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus. 2007

M Doligalska, and K Donskow-Schmelter, and J Rzepecka, and N Drela

Department of Parasitology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. mdolig@biol.uw.edu.pl

We evaluated levels of apoptosis and the immune response ex vivo in BALB/c mice infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and cytokine production were measured in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) without exposure to H. polygyrus antigens in culture. The inhibited apoptosis and cytokine production reported might reflect a state of cell hyporesponsiveness in the prepatent phase of infection. These changes were accompanied by changes in the percentage of CD4+ cells in MLN and popliteal lymph nodes (PLN). The prolonged reduction in apoptosis coexisted with induced cell proliferation, elevated TNF-alpha, IL-12p70, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-beta synthesis, but lowered IL-4 and IL-2 levels. In the chronic phase of infection an increasing production of IFN-gamma, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-10 and TGF-beta with decreasing concentrations of other cytokines resulted in restored apoptosis. The cytokine response in serum showed moderate production of TNF-alpha, temporary involvement of IL-12p70, induction of IFN-gamma and IL-10 synthesis, as well as growing IL-6 and MCP-1 production. It is suggested that a synchronized synthesis of distinct cytokines is accompanied by different levels of inhibited apoptosis during the prepatent and chronic phases of H. polygyrus infection in BALB/c mice. We suggest that immunosuppression provoked by the nematode is not the outcome of parasite-induced apoptosis, but rather results from a hyporesponsiveness experienced by cells during H. polygyrus infection.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008198	Lymph Nodes	They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.	Lymph Node,Node, Lymph,Nodes, Lymph
D008297	Male		Males
D008807	Mice, Inbred BALB C	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D009351	Nematospiroides dubius	A species of intestinal nematode parasites which occur most commonly in mice. Infection is by ingesting larvae. This particular species is used extensively in immunological research.	Heligmosomoides polygyrus
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015496	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.	T4 Cells,T4 Lymphocytes,CD4-Positive Lymphocytes,CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes,CD4-Positive Lymphocyte,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte,Lymphocyte, CD4-Positive,Lymphocytes, CD4-Positive,T-Lymphocyte, CD4-Positive,T-Lymphocytes, CD4-Positive,T4 Cell,T4 Lymphocyte
D016207	Cytokines	Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.	Cytokine
D017206	Strongylida Infections	Infections with nematodes of the order STRONGYLIDA.	Stephanurus dentatus Infections,Syngamiasis,Angiostrongylus Infections,Infections, Stephanurus dentatus,Infections, Strongylida,Angiostrongylus Infection,Infection, Angiostrongylus,Infection, Stephanurus dentatus,Infection, Strongylida,Stephanurus dentatus Infection,Strongylida Infection,Syngamiases
D017209	Apoptosis	A regulated cell death mechanism characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA, at regularly spaced, internucleosomal sites, i.e., DNA FRAGMENTATION. It is genetically programmed and serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.	Apoptosis, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Intrinsic Pathway,Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis,Classic Apoptosis,Classical Apoptosis,Programmed Cell Death,Programmed Cell Death, Type I,Apoptoses, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptoses, Intrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Caspase-Dependent,Apoptosis, Classic,Apoptosis, Classical,Caspase Dependent Apoptosis,Cell Death, Programmed,Classic Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptosis,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis
D048708	Cell Growth Processes	Processes required for CELL ENLARGEMENT and CELL PROLIFERATION.	Processes, Cell Growth