Biomaterial Database

Chromosomal location and gene paucity of the male specific region on papaya Y chromosome. 2007

Qingyi Yu, and Shaobin Hou, and Roman Hobza, and F Alex Feltus, and Xiue Wang, and Weiwei Jin, and Rachel L Skelton, and Andrea Blas, and Cornelia Lemke, and Jimmy H Saw, and Paul H Moore, and Maqsudul Alam, and Jiming Jiang, and Andrew H Paterson, and Boris Vyskot, and Ray Ming

Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, Aiea, HI 96701, USA.

Sex chromosomes in flowering plants evolved recently and many of them remain homomorphic, including those in papaya. We investigated the chromosomal location of papaya's small male specific region of the hermaphrodite Y (Yh) chromosome (MSY) and its genomic features. We conducted chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of Yh-specific bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and placed the MSY near the centromere of the papaya Y chromosome. Then we sequenced five MSY BACs to examine the genomic features of this specialized region, which resulted in the largest collection of contiguous genomic DNA sequences of a Y chromosome in flowering plants. Extreme gene paucity was observed in the papaya MSY with no functional gene identified in 715 kb MSY sequences. A high density of retroelements and local sequence duplications were detected in the MSY that is suppressed for recombination. Location of the papaya MSY near the centromere might have provided recombination suppression and fostered paucity of genes in the male specific region of the Y chromosome. Our findings provide critical information for deciphering the sex chromosomes in papaya and reference information for comparative studies of other sex chromosomes in animals and plants.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012091	Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid	Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).	DNA Repetitious Region,Direct Repeat,Genes, Selfish,Nucleic Acid Repetitive Sequences,Repetitive Region,Selfish DNA,Selfish Genes,DNA, Selfish,Repetitious Region, DNA,Repetitive Sequence,DNA Repetitious Regions,DNAs, Selfish,Direct Repeats,Gene, Selfish,Repeat, Direct,Repeats, Direct,Repetitious Regions, DNA,Repetitive Regions,Repetitive Sequences,Selfish DNAs,Selfish Gene
D002874	Chromosome Mapping	Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.	Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D017343	Genes, Plant	The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.	Plant Genes,Gene, Plant,Plant Gene
D017404	In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence	A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.	FISH Technique,Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization,Hybridization in Situ, Fluorescence,FISH Technic,Hybridization in Situ, Fluorescent,In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescent,FISH Technics,FISH Techniques,Technic, FISH,Technics, FISH,Technique, FISH,Techniques, FISH
D019849	Sex Determination Processes	The mechanisms by which the SEX of an individual's GONADS are fixed.	Sex Determination Genetics,Protandry,Protogyny,Sex Determination Genetic Processes,Sex Determination Process,Determination Process, Sex,Determination Processes, Sex,Genetics, Sex Determination,Process, Sex Determination,Processes, Sex Determination
D022202	Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial	DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, a REPLICATION ORIGIN, for successful replication, propagation to and maintenance as an extra chromosome in bacteria. In addition, they can carry large amounts (about 200 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.	Artificial Chromosomes, Bacterial,Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes,BAC (Chromosome),BACs (Chromosomes),Chromosomes, Bacterial Artificial,Artificial Chromosome, Bacterial,Bacterial Artificial Chromosome,Chromosome, Bacterial Artificial
D029441	Carica	A plant genus of the family Caricaceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is the source of edible fruit and PAPAIN.	Papaya,Carica papaya,Carica papayas,Caricas,Papayas,papaya, Carica
D032461	Chromosomes, Plant	Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.	Chromosome, Plant,Plant Chromosome,Plant Chromosomes