The purpose of the study was to define factors influencing the diastolic left ventricular (LV) function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Ninety-seven I to IV functional class CHF patients aged 65 to 88 (mean age 76.6+/-5.1 yr), 61 women and 36 men, were examined. CHF was caused by coronary artery disease in 22 (22.7%) patients, by arterial hypertension in 14 (14.4%) patients, and by both in 61 (62.9%) patients. Fourteen (14.4%) patients had type 2 diabetes. Hemoglobin level lower than 130g/l in men or 120g/l in women was considered anemia. Glomerular filtration speed (GFS) was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault formula. EchoCG and Doppler EchoCG were performed in all patients. LV hypertrophy (LVH) was revealed in 90 (92%) of the patients; 52patients had concentric L VH and 38 patients had eccentric LVH. Ejection fraction was less than 45% in 17 (17.5%) patients. Isovolemic relaxation time (IVRT) was over the normal limit in 73 (75.3%) patients; the time of early diastolic flow slowing (DT) changed in different directions and was 211.2+/-55.6 msec. A type of transmitral blood flow with relaxation disorder was found in 58 (59.8%) patients, a pseudonormal type was revealed in 32 (33%), and a restrictive type was found in 7 (7.2%) of patients. The study found a reverse independent correlation between hemoglobin level and the speed of LV filling during atrial systole. An independent correlation between the degree of renal dysfunction (GFS) and disorder of LV relaxation was found: the lower GFS, the longer IVRT and DT. Thus, in addition to age and structural changes in the heart, factors that have adverse effects on diastolic filling parameters are anemia, lowered renal function, and the level of systolic and diastolic pressure.