Accuracy of blood glucose self monitoring in elderly insulin treated diabetic patients. 1991

I Mühlhauser, and L Heinemann, and J Karinganamattom, and W Schuwirth, and M Berger
Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (WHO Collaborating Center for Diabetes), Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany.

We investigated the accuracy of blood glucose self monitoring in 131 patients (mean +/- SD age 65 +/- 7 years, duration of diabetes 11 +/- 6 years) who participated in a 5-day inpatient group treatment and teaching programme especially designed for elderly insulin-treated patients. Patients' estimations and laboratory blood glucose measurements were compared on day 1 (after theoretical and practical introduction into blood glucose self monitoring) and on day 4 of the programme. Patients were trained in the visual reading of Haemoglukotest 20-800R; blood glucose meters were recommended only exceptionally. Error grid analysis showed a high accuracy of visually assessed blood glucose values, both on day 1 (94% of measurements in zone A, 5% in zone B) and on day 4 (95% in zone A, 4% in zone B). Patients with no prior experience in blood glucose self monitoring (n = 67) showed a significant improvement (p less than 0.02) in accuracy from day 1 to day 4. Values determined by blood glucose meters were less accurate, although this trend did not reach statistical significance. A second group of 94 consecutive patients was reexamined 5 years after participation in the treatment and teaching programme. 55 patients were still alive and 42 could be evaluated. Accuracy of blood glucose estimations was assessed in all 26 patients practising blood glucose self monitoring (age 69 +/- 5 years, diabetes duration 18 +/- 8 years), either at their homes (n = 23) or at our diabetes outpatient clinic (n = 3). Error grid analysis showed a high accuracy by visual reading (n = 21, 95% zone A, 5% zone B).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007328 Insulin A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D010353 Patient Education as Topic The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs. Education of Patients,Education, Patient,Patient Education
D012044 Regression Analysis Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable. Regression Diagnostics,Statistical Regression,Analysis, Regression,Analyses, Regression,Diagnostics, Regression,Regression Analyses,Regression, Statistical,Regressions, Statistical,Statistical Regressions
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D003922 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset,Diabetes, Autoimmune,IDDM,Autoimmune Diabetes,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1,Diabetes Mellitus, Type I,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,Brittle Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden Onset,Diabetes, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes, Type 1,Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Juvenile Onset Diabetes,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus,Sudden-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D015190 Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring Self evaluation of whole blood glucose levels outside the clinical laboratory. A digital or battery-operated reflectance meter may be used. It has wide application in controlling unstable insulin-dependent diabetes. Blood Sugar Self-Monitoring,Home Blood Glucose Monitoring,Monitoring, Home Blood Glucose,Self-Monitoring, Blood Glucose,Glucose, Blood, Self Monitoring,Glucose, Blood, Self-Monitoring,Blood Glucose Self Monitoring,Blood Glucose Self-Monitorings,Blood Sugar Self Monitoring,Blood Sugar Self-Monitorings,Glucose Self-Monitoring, Blood,Glucose Self-Monitorings, Blood,Self Monitoring, Blood Glucose,Self-Monitoring, Blood Sugar,Self-Monitorings, Blood Glucose,Self-Monitorings, Blood Sugar,Sugar Self-Monitoring, Blood,Sugar Self-Monitorings, Blood

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