Biomaterial Database

Comparative mutagenic effects of ethyl methane-sulfonate, n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, ultraviolet radiation and caffeine on Dictyostelium discoideum. 1975

I J Liwerant, and L H Pereira da Silva

A high frequency of morphogenetic mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum can be induced by treatment with MNNG under conditions which result in relatively low cell killing. Six temperature-sensitive growth mutants induced by this treatment were isolated by replica plating. Among these, five showed spontaneous reversion rates of 10(-4) to 10(-5). The mutagenic activity of ems, measured for the induction of both morphogenetic and temperature-sensitive mutants, was weaker than that of MNNG and UV radiation. High frequencies of morphogenetic mutants were obtained only with doses of UV irradiation that resulted in high killing of cells or spores. Caffeine, at concentrations that slightly decreased the growth rate of amoebae in axenic medium, induced morphogenetic defects and also enhanced the mutagenic effect of UV irradiation. However, all the aggregateless clones derived from caffeine treatment that were studied reverted to the wild-type phenotype after a variable number of clonal re-isolations.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008698	Mesylates	Organic salts or esters of methanesulfonic acid.	Mesilate,Methanesulfonates,Mesilates,Mesylate,Methylenesulfonates
D008769	Methylnitronitrosoguanidine	A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.	Methylnitrosonitroguanidine,Nitrosomethylnitroguanidine,Nitrosonitromethylguanidine,MNNG,N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,N Methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine
D009153	Mutagens	Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.	Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D009235	Myxomycetes	A division of organisms that exist vegetatively as complex mobile plasmodia, reproduce by means of spores, and have complex life cycles. They are now classed as protozoa but formerly were considered fungi.	Myxomycota,Protosteliomycetes,Slime Molds, Plasmodial,Slime Molds, True,Mold, Plasmodial Slime,Mold, True Slime,Molds, Plasmodial Slime,Molds, True Slime,Myxomycete,Myxomycotas,Plasmodial Slime Mold,Plasmodial Slime Molds,Protosteliomycete,Slime Mold, Plasmodial,Slime Mold, True,True Slime Mold,True Slime Molds
D009604	Nitrosoguanidines	Nitrosylated derivatives of guanidine. They are used as MUTAGENS in MOLECULAR BIOLOGY research.
D010641	Phenotype	The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.	Phenotypes
D011830	Radiation Effects	The effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on food, drugs, and chemicals.	Effects, Radiation,Effect, Radiation,Radiation Effect
D002110	Caffeine	A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.	1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine,Caffedrine,Coffeinum N,Coffeinum Purrum,Dexitac,Durvitan,No Doz,Percoffedrinol N,Percutaféine,Quick-Pep,Vivarin,Quick Pep,QuickPep
D004023	Dictyostelium	A genus of protozoa, formerly also considered a fungus. Its natural habitat is decaying forest leaves, where it feeds on bacteria. D. discoideum is the best-known species and is widely used in biomedical research.	Dictyostelium discoideum,Dictyostelium discoideums,Dictyosteliums,discoideum, Dictyostelium
D005020	Ethyl Methanesulfonate	An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.	Ethylmethane Sulfonate,Ethyl Mesilate,Ethyl Mesylate,Ethylmesilate,Ethylmesylate,Mesilate, Ethyl,Mesylate, Ethyl,Methanesulfonate, Ethyl,Sulfonate, Ethylmethane