Biomaterial Database

External rotation humeral osteotomy for brachial plexus birth palsy. 2007

Donald S Bae, and Peter M Waters

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. donald.bae@childrens.harvard.edu

In patients with brachial plexus birth palsy, persistent muscular imbalance across the developing shoulder results in progressive glenohumeral dysplasia, characterized by increased glenoid retroversion, humeral head flattening, and posterior subluxation of the humeral head. Soft-tissue procedures-such as tendon transfers and musculotendinous lengthenings--will provide limited functional improvements in the setting of advanced glenohumeral deformity. For patients with internal rotation contracture and external rotation weakness associated with severe glenohumeral dysplasia, external rotation osteotomy of the humerus may be used to improve global shoulder function. The purpose of this article is to review the history, indications, and surgical technique of external rotation humeral osteotomy for patients with brachial plexus birth palsy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010027	Osteotomy	The surgical cutting of a bone. (Dorland, 28th ed)	Osteotomies
D011182	Postoperative Care	The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)	Care, Postoperative,Postoperative Procedures,Procedures, Postoperative,Postoperative Procedure,Procedure, Postoperative
D001720	Birth Injuries	Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labor or delivery.	Injuries, Birth,Birth Injury,Injury, Birth
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006811	Humerus	Bone in humans and primates extending from the SHOULDER JOINT to the ELBOW JOINT.	Humeri,Greater Tubercle,Humeral Greater Tuberosity,Humeral Lesser Tuberosity,Lesser Tubercle,Olecranon Fossa,Olecranon Fossi,Greater Tubercles,Greater Tuberosities, Humeral,Greater Tuberosity, Humeral,Humeral Greater Tuberosities,Humeral Lesser Tuberosities,Lesser Tubercles,Lesser Tuberosities, Humeral,Lesser Tuberosity, Humeral,Tubercle, Greater,Tubercles, Greater
D012399	Rotation	Motion of an object in which either one or more points on a line are fixed. It is also the motion of a particle about a fixed point. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Clinorotation,Clinorotations,Rotations
D020516	Brachial Plexus Neuropathies	Diseases of the cervical (and first thoracic) roots, nerve trunks, cords, and peripheral nerve components of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical manifestations include regional pain, PARESTHESIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS, and decreased sensation (HYPESTHESIA) in the upper extremity. These disorders may be associated with trauma (including BIRTH INJURIES); THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; NEOPLASMS; NEURITIS; RADIOTHERAPY; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1351-2)	Brachial Plexopathy,Erb Paralysis,Klumpke Paralysis,Brachial Plexus Diseases,Brachial Plexus Disorders,Dejerine-Klumpke Palsy,Erb's Palsy,Erb-Duchenne Paralysis,Klumpke's Palsy,Lower Brachial Plexus Neuropathy,Lower Brachial Plexus Palsy,Middle Brachial Plexus Neuropathy,Paralysis of the Lower Brachial Plexus,Upper Brachial Plexus Neuropathy,Brachial Plexus Disease,Brachial Plexus Disorder,Brachial Plexus Neuropathy,Dejerine Klumpke Palsy,Erb Duchenne Paralysis,Erb Palsy,Erb Paralyses,Erb's Palsies,Erb-Duchenne Paralyses,Erbs Palsy,Klumpke Palsy,Klumpkes Palsy,Neuropathies, Brachial Plexus,Neuropathy, Brachial Plexus,Palsies, Erb's,Palsy, Dejerine-Klumpke,Palsy, Erb's,Palsy, Klumpke's,Paralyses, Erb,Paralyses, Erb-Duchenne,Paralysis, Erb,Paralysis, Erb-Duchenne,Paralysis, Klumpke,Plexopathies, Brachial,Plexopathy, Brachial,Plexus Disease, Brachial,Plexus Diseases, Brachial,Plexus Disorder, Brachial,Plexus Disorders, Brachial,Plexus Neuropathies, Brachial,Plexus Neuropathy, Brachial