Biomaterial Database

Chromatin modulation by oncogenic transcription factors: new complexity, new therapeutic targets. 2007

Itsaso Hormaeche, and Jonathan D Licht

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Oncogenic transcription factors such as PML-RARalpha, RUNX1-MTG8, and others work in large part by the recruitment of inhibitors of gene transcription to target promoters leading to aberrant repression of gene expression. PML-RARalpha, an archetypal chimeric oncoprotein, was previously shown to bring complexes of histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone methyltransferases (HMTases), and DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs) to target genes. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Villa et al. show that the full complement of chromatin machinery can be commandeered by these transcription factors with the polycomb group of proteins representing the newest identified recruit.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009369	Neoplasms	New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	Benign Neoplasm,Cancer,Malignant Neoplasm,Tumor,Tumors,Benign Neoplasms,Malignancy,Malignant Neoplasms,Neoplasia,Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Benign,Cancers,Malignancies,Neoplasias,Neoplasm, Benign,Neoplasm, Malignant,Neoplasms, Malignant
D012097	Repressor Proteins	Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.	Repressor Molecules,Transcriptional Silencing Factors,Proteins, Repressor,Silencing Factors, Transcriptional
D002843	Chromatin	The material of CHROMOSOMES. It is a complex of DNA; HISTONES; and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell.	Chromatins
D005786	Gene Expression Regulation	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.	Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014157	Transcription Factors	Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.	Transcription Factor,Factor, Transcription,Factors, Transcription
D015514	Oncogene Proteins, Fusion	The GENETIC TRANSLATION products of the fusion between an ONCOGENE and another gene. The latter may be of viral or cellular origin.	Chimeric Oncogene Proteins,Chimeric Proteins, Oncogene,Fusion Proteins, Oncogene,Oncogene Fusion Proteins,Oncogene Proteins, Chimeric,Fusion Oncogene Proteins,Oncogene Chimeric Proteins,Proteins, Chimeric Oncogene,Proteins, Fusion Oncogene,Proteins, Oncogene Chimeric,Proteins, Oncogene Fusion
D044127	Epigenesis, Genetic	A genetic process by which the adult organism is realized via mechanisms that lead to the restriction in the possible fates of cells, eventually leading to their differentiated state. Mechanisms involved cause heritable changes to cells without changes to DNA sequence such as DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE modification; DNA REPLICATION TIMING; NUCLEOSOME positioning; and heterochromatization which result in selective gene expression or repression.	Epigenetic Processes,Epigenetic Process,Epigenetics Processes,Genetic Epigenesis,Process, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetics
D063146	Polycomb-Group Proteins	A family of proteins that play a role in CHROMATIN REMODELING. They are best known for silencing HOX GENES and the regulation of EPIGENETIC PROCESSES.	PcG Complex Protein,Polycomb Group Protein,Polycomb Repressive Complex Protein,Polycomb-Group Protein,Polycomb-Group Protein Complex,PRC1-Like Complex,PcG Complex Proteins,Polycomb Group (PcG) Multiprotein PRC1-Like Complex,Polycomb Repressive Complex Proteins,Polycomb-Group Protein Complexes,Complex Protein, PcG,Complex, PRC1-Like,Complex, Polycomb-Group Protein,Complexes, Polycomb-Group Protein,Group Protein, Polycomb,PRC1 Like Complex,Polycomb Group Protein Complex,Polycomb Group Protein Complexes,Polycomb Group Proteins,Protein Complex, Polycomb-Group,Protein Complexes, Polycomb-Group,Protein, PcG Complex,Protein, Polycomb Group,Protein, Polycomb-Group