Biomaterial Database

[Immunogenicity of trivalent-inactivated influenza vaccine among children less than 4 years old]. 2007

Shin Irie, and Megumi Fujieda, and Kazuya Ito, and Motoki Ishibashi, and Teruhisa Takamizawa, and Toyokazu Ishikawa, and Yoshio Takasaki, and Shizuo Shindo, and Takashi Yokoyama, and Yuji Yamashita, and Kyoko Shibao, and Hideki Koyanagi, and Akiko Maeda, and Yoshio Hirota

We studied the immunogenicity of trivalent-inactivated influenza vaccine. Subjects were 259 children under 4 years old who visited six pediatric clinics to undergo influenza vaccination. Age distribution was 64 aged <1.0, 65 aged 1.0-1.9, 64 aged 2.0-2.9, and 66 aged 3.0-3.9 years, including subjects who had been previously vaccinated within the last three years, 0% (0/64) aged <1.0, 26% (17/65) aged 1.0-1.9, 72% (46/64) aged 2.0-2.9, and 77% (51/66) aged 3.0-3.9 years old. Two doses of vaccine were given subcutaneously four weeks apart. Dosage was 0.l mL for children under 1 year old, while for children aged one year or older, dosage was 0.2mL, based on standard Japanese recommendations. To measure hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer, triplet sera were obtained before vaccination (S0), 4 weeks after the first vaccination (S1), and 4 weeks after the second vaccination (S2). The geometric mean of HI antibody titer, the response proportion (titer rise > or =4-fold), and the achievement proportion (postvaccination titer > or =1 : 40) were calculated by age group. Analysis of variance was used to estimate the independent effect of age and prevaccination titer on antibody increase. The geometric means of HI antibody titer were lower among the two younger age groups than among the two older age groups, regardless of vaccine strain or when blood samples were collected. The achievement proportion after 2 doses of vaccine in the <1.0, 1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9, 3.0-3.9 year age groups were 38%, 58%, 89%, and 85% against A (HI) ; 52%, 54%, 81%, and 73% against A (H3) ; and 23%, 49%, 67%, and 71% against B. Regarding the analysis of variance, prevaccination titer consistently indicated strong effects on antibody increase, regardless of vaccine strain or combination of paired sera. After two doses of vaccine (S2/S0), significant effects of age on antibody induction were shown against A (H1) and B (p = 0.000 and 0.002). Thus, the immunogenicity of trivalent-inactivated influenza vaccine was strongly influenced by prevaccination titer and age. Even two doses of vaccine did not induce a protective antibody level in about 50 to 80% of subjects among infants aged <1.0 year, and 40 to 50% among children 1.0-1.9 year old.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007252	Influenza Vaccines	Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed and attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The flu vaccines may be mono- or multi-valent, which contains one or more ALPHAINFLUENZAVIRUS and BETAINFLUENZAVIRUS strains.	Flu Vaccine,Influenzavirus Vaccine,Monovalent Influenza Vaccine,Universal Flu Vaccine,Universal Influenza Vaccine,Flu Vaccines,High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Virus Vaccine,Influenza Virus Vaccines,Influenzavirus Vaccines,Intranasal Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,LAIV Vaccine,Monovalent Influenza Vaccines,Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine,Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Trivalent Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,Universal Flu Vaccines,Universal Influenza Vaccines,Flu Vaccine, Universal,High Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Vaccine, Monovalent,Influenza Vaccine, Quadrivalent,Influenza Vaccine, Trivalent,Influenza Vaccine, Universal,Intranasal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,Vaccine, Flu,Vaccine, Influenza,Vaccine, Influenza Virus,Vaccine, Influenzavirus,Vaccine, LAIV,Vaccine, Monovalent Influenza,Vaccine, Quadrivalent Influenza,Vaccine, Trivalent Influenza,Virus Vaccine, Influenza
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000367	Age Factors	Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.	Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000914	Antibodies, Viral	Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.	Viral Antibodies
D015164	Vaccines, Inactivated	Vaccines in which the infectious microbial nucleic acid components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatment (e.g., formalin, beta-propiolactone, gamma radiation) without affecting the antigenicity or immunogenicity of the viral coat or bacterial outer membrane proteins.	Inactivated Vaccine,Killed Vaccine,Killed Vaccines,Vaccines, Killed,Inactivated Vaccines,Vaccine, Inactivated,Vaccine, Killed