Biomaterial Database

Short-term cigarette smoke exposure predisposes the lung to secondary injury. 2007

Tapan M Bhavsar, and Joseph M Cerreta, and Jerome O Cantor

School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, St John's University, Jamaica, New York 11439, USA.

Brief exposure to cigarette smoke is not generally associated with pulmonary injury and may adversely affect the lung only if underlying disease is present. To test this hypothesis, our laboratory performed a series of experiments involving exposure of hamsters to second-hand cigarette smoke (2 h/day for 5 days), either immediately before or after induction of acute pulmonary injury by intratracheal administration of amiodarone. Compared to controls receiving amiodarone alone, hamsters pretreated with smoke showed significant increases in the following parameters: (1) lung inflammation graded on a scale of 0-4 (3.4 vs. 1.6; p < 0.001), (2) percentage of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (75.0 vs. 1.3; p < 0.001), (3) percentage of TNFR1-positive BALF macrophages (44.7 vs. 2.7; p < 0.001), and (4) apoptotic lung parenchymal cells per ten high-power microscopic fields (7.3 vs. 0.7; p < 0.001). Animals post-treated with smoke also showed significant increases in these parameters compared to controls but to a lesser degree than pre-exposed animals. With regard to human disease, such synergistic interactions may account for a significant portion of the morbidity associated with second-hand smoke exposure.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008171	Lung Diseases	Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	Pulmonary Diseases,Disease, Pulmonary,Diseases, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Disease,Disease, Lung,Diseases, Lung,Lung Disease
D008647	Mesocricetus	A genus in the order Rodentia and family Cricetidae. One species, Mesocricetus auratus or golden hamster is widely used in biomedical research.	Hamsters, Golden,Hamsters, Golden Syrian,Hamsters, Syrian,Mesocricetus auratus,Syrian Golden Hamster,Syrian Hamster,Golden Hamster,Golden Hamster, Syrian,Golden Hamsters,Golden Syrian Hamsters,Hamster, Golden,Hamster, Syrian,Hamster, Syrian Golden,Syrian Hamsters
D012128	Respiratory Distress Syndrome	A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.	ARDS, Human,Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Pediatric Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Acute,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Pediatric,Shock Lung,Distress Syndrome, Respiratory,Distress Syndromes, Respiratory,Human ARDS,Lung, Shock,Respiratory Distress Syndromes,Syndrome, Respiratory Distress
D001992	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.	Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D006224	Cricetinae	A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.	Cricetus,Hamsters,Hamster
D000638	Amiodarone	An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.	Amiobeta,Amiodarex,Amiodarona,Amiodarone Hydrochloride,Amiohexal,Aratac,Braxan,Corbionax,Cordarex,Cordarone,Kordaron,L-3428,Ortacrone,Rytmarone,SKF 33134-A,Tachydaron,Trangorex,Hydrochloride, Amiodarone,L 3428,L3428,SKF 33134 A,SKF 33134A
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014028	Tobacco Smoke Pollution	Contamination of the air by tobacco smoke.	Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Environmental Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Passive Smoking,Smoking, Passive,Environmental Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Environmental Tobacco Smoke Pollution,Involuntary Smoking,Second Hand Smoke,Secondhand Smoke,Secondhand Smoking,Hand Smoke, Second,Hand Smokes, Second,Involuntary Smokings,Passive Smokings,Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Pollutions, Tobacco Smoke,Second Hand Smokes,Secondhand Smokes,Secondhand Smokings,Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Smoke Pollutions, Tobacco,Smoke, Second Hand,Smoke, Secondhand,Smokes, Second Hand,Smokes, Secondhand,Smoking, Involuntary,Smoking, Secondhand,Smokings, Involuntary,Smokings, Passive,Smokings, Secondhand,Tobacco Smoke Pollutions
D016676	Macrophages, Alveolar	Round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs. They ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells.	Alveolar Macrophages,Macrophages, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Macrophages,Macrophage, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Macrophage,Alveolar Macrophage,Macrophage, Alveolar