Structural correlates of apathy in Alzheimer's disease. 2007

Liana G Apostolova, and Gohar G Akopyan, and Negar Partiali, and Calen A Steiner, and Rebecca A Dutton, and Kiralee M Hayashi, and Ivo D Dinov, and Arthur W Toga, and Jeffrey L Cummings, and Paul M Thompson
Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. lapostolova@mednet.ucla.edu

BACKGROUND Apathy is the most common noncognitive symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The structural correlates of apathy in AD have not yet been described. METHODS We analyzed magnetic resonance imaging data of 35 AD patients with and without apathy. RESULTS There was a significant linear association between apathy severity and cortical gray matter atrophy in the bilateral anterior cingulate [Brodmann area (BA) 24; r = 0.39-0.42, p = 0.01] and left medial frontal cortex (BA 8 and 9; r = 0.4, p < 0.02). Left mean cingulate cortical thinning predicted the presence/absence of apathy at the trend level of significance. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a strong association between apathy and the integrity of medial frontal regions in AD.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007091 Image Processing, Computer-Assisted A technique of inputting two-dimensional or three-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer. Biomedical Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Processing,Digital Image Processing,Image Analysis, Computer-Assisted,Image Reconstruction,Medical Image Processing,Analysis, Computer-Assisted Image,Computer-Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Analyses,Image Analyses, Computer-Assisted,Image Analysis, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Biomedical,Image Processing, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Digital,Image Processing, Medical,Image Processings, Medical,Image Reconstructions,Medical Image Processings,Processing, Biomedical Image,Processing, Digital Image,Processing, Medical Image,Processings, Digital Image,Processings, Medical Image,Reconstruction, Image,Reconstructions, Image
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D008297 Male Males
D009042 Motivation Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli. Incentives,Disincentives,Expectations,Disincentive,Expectation,Incentive,Motivations
D012016 Reference Values The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality. Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D002540 Cerebral Cortex The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions. Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D004292 Dominance, Cerebral Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions. Cerebral Dominance,Hemispheric Specialization,Dominances, Cerebral,Specialization, Hemispheric
D005260 Female Females
D005625 Frontal Lobe The part of the cerebral hemisphere anterior to the central sulcus, and anterior and superior to the lateral sulcus. Brodmann Area 8,Brodmann's Area 8,Frontal Cortex,Frontal Eye Fields,Lobus Frontalis,Supplementary Eye Field,Area 8, Brodmann,Area 8, Brodmann's,Brodmanns Area 8,Cortex, Frontal,Eye Field, Frontal,Eye Field, Supplementary,Eye Fields, Frontal,Frontal Cortices,Frontal Eye Field,Frontal Lobes,Lobe, Frontal,Supplementary Eye Fields
D006179 Gyrus Cinguli One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and CORPUS CALLOSUM and forms part of the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Anterior Cingulate Gyrus,Brodmann Area 23,Brodmann Area 24,Brodmann Area 26,Brodmann Area 29,Brodmann Area 30,Brodmann Area 31,Brodmann Area 32,Brodmann Area 33,Brodmann's Area 23,Brodmann's Area 24,Brodmann's Area 26,Brodmann's Area 29,Brodmann's Area 30,Brodmann's Area 31,Brodmann's Area 32,Brodmann's Area 33,Cingulate Gyrus,Gyrus Cinguli Anterior,Retrosplenial Complex,Retrosplenial Cortex,Anterior Cingulate,Anterior Cingulate Cortex,Cingular Gyrus,Cingulate Area,Cingulate Body,Cingulate Cortex,Cingulate Region,Gyrus, Cingulate,Posterior Cingulate,Posterior Cingulate Cortex,Posterior Cingulate Gyri,Posterior Cingulate Gyrus,Posterior Cingulate Region,Superior Mesial Regions,24, Brodmann Area,Anterior Cingulate Cortices,Anterior Cingulates,Anterior, Gyrus Cinguli,Anteriors, Gyrus Cinguli,Area 23, Brodmann,Area 23, Brodmann's,Area 24, Brodmann,Area 24, Brodmann's,Area 26, Brodmann,Area 26, Brodmann's,Area 29, Brodmann,Area 29, Brodmann's,Area 30, Brodmann,Area 30, Brodmann's,Area 31, Brodmann,Area 31, Brodmann's,Area 32, Brodmann,Area 32, Brodmann's,Area 33, Brodmann,Area 33, Brodmann's,Area, Cingulate,Body, Cingulate,Brodmanns Area 23,Brodmanns Area 24,Brodmanns Area 26,Brodmanns Area 29,Brodmanns Area 30,Brodmanns Area 31,Brodmanns Area 32,Brodmanns Area 33,Cingulate Areas,Cingulate Bodies,Cingulate Cortex, Anterior,Cingulate Cortex, Posterior,Cingulate Gyrus, Anterior,Cingulate Gyrus, Posterior,Cingulate Region, Posterior,Cingulate Regions,Cingulate, Anterior,Cingulate, Posterior,Cinguli Anterior, Gyrus,Cinguli Anteriors, Gyrus,Complex, Retrosplenial,Cortex, Anterior Cingulate,Cortex, Cingulate,Cortex, Posterior Cingulate,Cortex, Retrosplenial,Gyrus Cinguli Anteriors,Gyrus, Anterior Cingulate,Gyrus, Cingular,Gyrus, Posterior Cingulate,Posterior Cingulate Cortices,Posterior Cingulate Regions,Posterior Cingulates,Region, Cingulate,Region, Posterior Cingulate,Retrosplenial Complices,Retrosplenial Cortices,Superior Mesial Region

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