The aim of the trial was to study factors predisposing to acute urine retention (AUR) in patients with prostatic adenoma (PA). The trial was made in Perm Center for Urgent Urological Care. This allowed registration and analysis of all cases of AUR in the city with population of 1 million people. For 11 years there were 1504 episodes of AUR in 1130 PA patients. One AUR episode was registered in 888 (78.6%) patients, two to four--in 242. Questioning of the patients, the disease histories analysis provided information on the factors predisposing to AUR. The following factors provoked AUR: alcohol intake (25.9%), water loading (11.5%), medication (atropin, belladonna, efedrin, aminasin, tizercin, phenobarbital, imisin, promedol, lazix, etc.; 11.4%), acute inflammation of the adenomatous nodes (7.4%), cold (6.7%), spicy food (5.5%), flebitis of the hemorrhoidal veins (5.5%), fatigue (5.1%), emotional stress (3.9%), forced urine retention (3.1%), bed rest (2.8%), sexual excesses (2%), surgical interventions (2%), etc. AUR occurred more often in the morning (at 4 to 8 o'clock a.m.), in the holidays and after them (92.5% of these patients took alcohol), on days with acute fluctuations of atmospheric pressure, temperature, air humidity. A complex of meteoprophylaxis of AUR is proposed.