Immune response and inhibitory effect of ketotifen on the BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. 2007

Yong Suk Ryang, and Eun Ju Yang, and Jeong-Lye Kim, and Kyu-Jae Lee, and Ho-Joong Sung, and Jong-Bae Kim, and In Sik Kim
Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, 220-701, Republic of Korea.

Although Echinostoma hortense is one of the intestinal trematodes with a high infection rate in South Korea, the exact immune response against E. hortense infection has yet to be fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated differential susceptibilities in two different strains of micenamely, BALB/c (H-2d) and C3H/HeN (H-2k) mice. Likewise, we investigated the effects of ketotifen, an antiallergic drug, on the immune response against E. hortense infection. The worm recovery rate of the C3H/HeN mice was much higher than that of the BALB/c mice. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 in the BALB/c mice were stronger than that of the C3H/HeN mice after E. hortense infection, but IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expressions in the BALB/c mice were weaker than that of the C3H/HeN mice after E. hortense infection. The number of goblet cells and eosinophils increased after E. hortense infection in the BALB/c and the C3H/HeN mice. The worm recovery rate was higher and lasted longer in the ketotifen-treated mice in comparison to the untreated mice. Ketotifen suppressed the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-5 in the BALB/c mice, but did not in the C3H/HeN mice. The IL-1beta expressions were inhibited by ketotifen in the two strains, but TNF-alpha expression was inhibited in the C3H/HeN mice after ketotifen treatment. In addition, ketotifen inhibited the increase in eosinophils and goblet cells in varying degrees, depending on the strain. In summary, the immune sensitivity against E. hortense depends on the species of the host. The ketotifen treatment administered on the infected mice differently blocked the immune response against E. hortense infection.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007665 Ketotifen A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis. 4,9-Dihydro-4-(1-methyl-4-piperidylidene)-10H-benzo(4,5)-cyclohepta(1,2-b)thiophen-10-one,Ketotifen Fumarate,Ketotifene,Ketotiphen,Ketotiphene,Zaditen,Fumarate, Ketotifen
D008807 Mice, Inbred BALB C An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research. BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D008809 Mice, Inbred C3H An inbred strain of mouse that is used as a general purpose strain in a wide variety of RESEARCH areas including CANCER; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; sensorineural, and cardiovascular biology research. Mice, C3H,Mouse, C3H,Mouse, Inbred C3H,C3H Mice,C3H Mice, Inbred,C3H Mouse,C3H Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C3H Mice,Inbred C3H Mouse
D004449 Echinostoma A genus of intestinal flukes of the family Echinostomatidae which consists of many species. They occur in man and other vertebrates. The intermediate hosts are frequently mollusks. Echinostoma ilocanum,Euparyphium ilocanum,Fascioletta ilocanum,Echinostoma ilocanums,Echinostomas,Euparyphium ilocanums,Fascioletta ilocanums,ilocanum, Echinostoma,ilocanum, Fascioletta,ilocanums, Euparyphium
D004451 Echinostomiasis Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma. Echinostomiases
D004804 Eosinophils Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin. Eosinophil
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013045 Species Specificity The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species. Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D016207 Cytokines Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. Cytokine

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