Between 1.1. 1987 and 31.12. 1988 47 patients with locally advanced head- and neck tumours (UICC-stage II: one patient, stage III: 16 patients, stage IV: 30 patients) were treated with simultaneous radio-chemotherapy. Localisations were hypopharynx (23 = 49%), oropharynx (16 = 34%) and other sites (8 = 17%). Radiation therapy consisted of 60 Gy (primary region, N+) or 50 Gy (N0) in daily fractions of 2 Gy each over six weeks. During week 1 and 5 of radiotherapy two courses of chemotherapy with 5-FU (600 mg/m2/day, i.v. continuous infusion for five days) and cis-platin (25 mg/m2/day i.v. bolus for five days) were administered. 43/47 patients (91%) responded to therapy. 34/47 (72%) patients achieved a complete remission, 9/47 (19%) a partial remission, and 4/47 (9%) no change. With a minimum follow-up of 26 months 17/47 patients (36%) are alive and NED, 4/47 (9%) are alive with tumour. 18 patients (38%) died of cancer, eight patients (17%) died of second tumours, intercurrent diseases and of unknown reasons. Actuarial four-year survival is 45% (stage III: 56%, stage IV: 42%), four-year NED survival is 35% (stage III: 68%, stage IV: 18%). There were no loco-regional recurrences after additional surgical treatment of the primary and the neck following complete remission. In contrast after RCT alone and complete remission local recurrences in 6/21 patients (29%) and regional recurrences in 5/24 patients (21%) occurred. We conclude that simultaneous RCT is a new very effective treatment modality of locally advanced head and neck tumours producing superior loco-regional control compared to conventional management.