First report of Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) in wolves in Italy. 2007

Domenico Otranto, and Cinzia Cantacessi, and Egidio Mallia, and Riccardo Paolo Lia
Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada P.le per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010, Valenzano (Bari), Italy. d.otranto@veterinaria.uniba.it

Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) infects the eyes of humans and rabbits as well of domestic and wild carnivores (i.e., dogs, cats, and foxes). The first three cases of infection by T. callipaeda eyeworms in wolves (Canis lupus) are here described with up to 96 nematodes collected from a single animal. The host competence of wolf was demonstrated by the retrieval of adult worms in the eyes of all examined animals. All nematodes collected were evaluated by morphologic and molecular techniques. Sequence analysis of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) confirmed that only one haplotype of T. callipaeda was present. The competence of wolves as a definitive host for T. callipaeda is discussed in view of the relevance of wild fauna in maintaining and spreading eyeworm infection in humans and domestic animals.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007558 Italy A country in southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia. The capital is Rome. Sardinia
D004197 Disease Reservoirs Animate or inanimate sources which normally harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of disease outbreaks. Reservoirs are distinguished from vectors (DISEASE VECTORS) and carriers, which are agents of disease transmission rather than continuing sources of potential disease outbreaks. Humans may serve both as disease reservoirs and carriers. Disease Reservoir,Human Disease Reservoirs,Infectious Disease Reservoir,Reservoirs of Infection,Infectious Disease Reservoirs,Disease Reservoir, Human,Disease Reservoir, Infectious,Disease Reservoirs, Human,Human Disease Reservoir,Infection Reservoir,Infection Reservoirs,Reservoir, Disease,Reservoir, Infectious Disease,Reservoirs, Human Disease
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D013802 Thelazioidea A superfamily of parasitic nematodes which includes three genera: Thelazia, Spirocerca, and GNATHOSTOMA. Only Thelazia and GNATHOSTOMA occasionally occur in man. Spirocerca,Thelazia,Spirocercas,Thelazias,Thelazioideas
D015047 Zoonoses Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals. Zoonotic Spillover,Zoonotic Diseases,Zoonotic Infections,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases,Disease, Zoonotic,Disease, Zoonotic Infectious,Diseases, Zoonotic,Diseases, Zoonotic Infectious,Infection, Zoonotic,Infections, Zoonotic,Infectious Disease, Zoonotic,Infectious Diseases, Zoonotic,Spillovers, Zoonotic,Zoonotic Disease,Zoonotic Infection,Zoonotic Infectious Disease,Zoonotic Spillovers
D015822 Eye Infections, Parasitic Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites. Ocular Infections, Parasitic,Parasitic Eye Infections,Eye Infection, Parasitic,Infection, Parasitic Eye,Infection, Parasitic Ocular,Infections, Parasitic Eye,Infections, Parasitic Ocular,Ocular Infection, Parasitic,Parasitic Eye Infection,Parasitic Ocular Infection,Parasitic Ocular Infections
D017205 Spirurida Infections Infections with nematodes of the order SPIRURIDA. Habronemiasis,Infections, Spirurida,Habronemiases,Infection, Spirurida,Spirurida Infection
D019596 Wolves Any of several large carnivorous mammals of the family CANIDAE that usually hunt in packs. Canis lupus,Canis rufus,Canis simensis,Ethiopian Wolf,Gray Wolf,Red Wolf,Wolf,Wolf, Ethiopian,Wolf, Gray,Wolf, Red

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