Biomaterial Database

[Therapeutic efficacy of kanamycin and clofazimine combined with muramyl dipeptide against Mycobacterium intracellulare infection induced in mice]. 1991

H Tomioka, and K Sato, and H Saito

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.

Therapeutic efficacy of kanamycin (KM) and clofazimine (CFZ) combined with N2-[(N-acetyl-muramyl)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-N6-stearoyl-L-ly sine, MDP-Lys (L18), against Mycobacterium intracellulare infection induced in mice was studied, based on suppression of incidence of gross lung lesions and bacterial growth at the sites of infection (lungs and spleen), and the following results were obtained. Firstly, KM (0.5 mg) was given sc to mice, daily six times per week in combination (or not) with sc injections of MDP-Lys(18) (0.1 mg) either 1, 3 or 5 times weekly. In this case, KM alone markedly suppressed the incidence of pulmonary gross lesions and the growth of organisms in the lungs and spleen (2-2.5 log-decrease in CFU per organ at week 8) in infected mice. MDP-Lys(18) alone also exhibited similar effect but the efficacy was much lower than that of KM. No synergism was observed for combined use of KM with MDP-Lys(18) in any protocols tested. Secondly, CFZ (0.5 mg) was given to mice by gavage, daily six times per week in combination with or without injections of MDP-Lys(18) (0.1 mg), either 1, 3 or 5 times weekly. In this case, CFZ alone decreased the incidence of gross pulmonary lesions in infected mice and the weaker suppressive effect was noted for MDP-Lys(18) alone. Moreover, CFZ alone suppressed bacterial growth in the lungs and spleen (1.5-2.0 log-decrease in CFU per organ at week 8), while MDP alone failed to cause such a marked reduction in bacterial CFU in the visceral organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007612	Kanamycin	Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.	Kanamycin A,Kanamycin Sulfate,Kantrex
D008815	Mice, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.	Inbred Mouse Strains,Inbred Strain of Mice,Inbred Strain of Mouse,Inbred Strains of Mice,Mouse, Inbred Strain,Inbred Mouse Strain,Mouse Inbred Strain,Mouse Inbred Strains,Mouse Strain, Inbred,Mouse Strains, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Mouse,Strains, Inbred Mouse
D009162	Mycobacterium avium	A bacterium causing tuberculosis in domestic fowl and other birds. In pigs, it may cause localized and sometimes disseminated disease. The organism occurs occasionally in sheep and cattle. It should be distinguished from the M. avium complex, which infects primarily humans.
D002991	Clofazimine	A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619)	B-663,G-30,320,Lamprene,N,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-3-((1-methylethyl)imino)-2-phenazinamine,B 663,B663,G 30,320,G30,320
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D004359	Drug Therapy, Combination	Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.	Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D005260	Female		Females
D000119	Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine	Peptidoglycan immunoadjuvant originally isolated from bacterial cell wall fragments; also acts as pyrogen and may cause arthritis; stimulates both humoral and cellular immunity.	Mur-NAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln,Muramyl Dipeptide,Acetylmuramyl Alanyl Isoglutamine,N-Acetyl-Muramyl-L-Alanyl-D-Glutamic-alpha-Amide,N-Acetylmuramyl-L-Alanyl-D-Isoglutamine,Alanyl Isoglutamine, Acetylmuramyl,Dipeptide, Muramyl,Isoglutamine, Acetylmuramyl Alanyl,Mur NAc L Ala D isoGln,N Acetyl Muramyl L Alanyl D Glutamic alpha Amide,N Acetylmuramyl L Alanyl D Isoglutamine
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014376	Tuberculosis	Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	Koch's Disease,Kochs Disease,Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection,Infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Infections, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Koch Disease,Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections,Tuberculoses