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In vitro activity of cefotiam against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains--reevaluation of beta-lactam antibiotics efficiency on MRSE. 2007

Ayako Nakamura, and Toyoko Oguri, and Shigeki Misawa, and Yoko Tabe, and Sigemi Kondo, and Kazunori Miyake, and Noriko Miyake, and Jun Igari, and Akimichi Ohsaka
Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

We evaluated the efficacy of cefotiam (CTM) against Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) isolated from blood culture and central venous catheters. Of the S. epidermidis strains tested, 82.3% were methicillin (MPIPC)-resistant (MPIPC MIC > or = 0.5 microg/ml) and expressed the mecA gene, and 89.2% of these MPIPC-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) showed less than 8.0 microg/ml CTM MIC. In vitro killing kinetics of CTM against MRSE demonstrated that strains with high CTM MIC (> or = 4.0 microg/ml) showed high MPIPC MIC (> or = 4.0 microg/ml). All strains with low CTM MIC (< or = 2.0 microg/ml) showed MPIPC MIC lower than 2.0 microg/ml. In time-kill studies, CTM had high bactericidal activity against strains with low CTM MIC (< or = 2.0 microg/ml), regardless of whether they were mecA positive. These results demonstrated that MRSE isolates with low CTM MIC (< or = 2.0 microg/ml) are not easily induced CTM resistance by CTM treatment in vitro, and indicated the possibility that beta-lactams such as CTM could be an effective antibiotic agents against beta-lactam-sensitive MRSE infections.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D010068 Oxacillin An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections. Oxazocilline,Penicillin, Methylphenylisoxazolyl,Sodium Oxacillin,Oxacillin Sodium,Oxacillin, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous,Oxacillin, Monosodium Salt, Monohydrate,Prostaphlin,Methylphenylisoxazolyl Penicillin,Oxacillin, Sodium,Sodium, Oxacillin
D010403 Penicillin Resistance Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins. Penicillin Resistances,Resistance, Penicillin,Resistances, Penicillin
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D013212 Staphylococcus epidermidis A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS that is a spherical, non-motile, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophic, facultative anaerobe. Mainly found on the skin and mucous membrane of warm-blooded animals, it can be primary pathogen or secondary invader.
D015310 Cefotiam One of the CEPHALOSPORINS that has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Abbott-48999,CGP-14221-E,Cefotiam Hydrochloride,Ceradolan,Haloapor,Halospor,SCE-963,Abbott 48999,Abbott48999,CGP 14221 E,CGP14221E,Hydrochloride, Cefotiam,SCE 963,SCE963
D016106 Methicillin Resistance Non-susceptibility of a microbe to the action of METHICILLIN, a semi-synthetic penicillin derivative. Methicillin-Resistant,Methicillin Resistant,Resistance, Methicillin
D047090 beta-Lactams Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, as well as the CEPHALOSPORINS based on a bicyclo-thiazine, and including monocyclic MONOBACTAMS. The BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria. beta-Lactam,4-Thia-1-Azabicyclo(3.2.0)Heptanes,4-Thia-1-Azabicyclo(4.2.0)Octanes,beta Lactam,beta Lactams

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