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Transcriptional activator TonE-binding protein in cellular protection and differentiation. 2007

Jeong Ah Kim, and Un Sil Jeon, and Min Seong Kwon, and Sun Woo Lim, and H Moo Kwon
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The TonE-binding protein (TonEBP) is a transcriptional activator in the Rel family that includes NFkappaB and NFAT. TonEBP is critical for the development and function of the renal medulla, which is a major regulator of water homeostasis. TonEBP is also implicated in diabetic nephropathy and inflammation. Established methods for biochemical and histochemical detection and functional analysis of TonEBP, including identification of novel TonEBP target genes, are described for those who are interested in investigating function and regulation of TonEBP.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006982 Hypertonic Solutions Solutions that have a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution such as blood, plasma, or interstitial fluid. Hypertonic Solution,Solution, Hypertonic,Solutions, Hypertonic
D007679 Kidney Medulla The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces. Kidney Papilla,Kidney Medullas,Kidney Papillas,Medulla, Kidney,Medullas, Kidney,Papilla, Kidney,Papillas, Kidney
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D050778 NFATC Transcription Factors A family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of highly conserved calcineurin- and DNA-binding domains. NFAT proteins are activated in the CYTOPLASM by the calcium-dependent phosphatase CALCINEURIN. They transduce calcium signals to the nucleus where they can interact with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 or NF-KAPPA B and initiate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of GENES involved in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and development. NFAT proteins stimulate T-CELL activation through the induction of IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES such as INTERLEUKIN-2. NFAT Transcription Factor 1,NFAT Transcription Factor 2,NFAT Transcription Factor 3,NFAT Transcription Factor 4,NFAT Transcription Factor 5,Nuclear Factors of Activated T-Cells,NF-AT Proteins,NF-AT3 Protein,NF-AT4 Protein,NF-ATc1 Protein,NFAT Proteins,NFAT-1 Protein,NFAT-2 Protein,NFAT1 Protein,NFAT2 Protein,NFAT3 Protein,NFAT4 Protein,NFAT5 Protein,NFATC Proteins,NFATC1 Protein,NFATC1 Transcription Factor,NFATC2 Protein,NFATC2 Transcription Factor,NFATC3 Protein,NFATC3 Transcription Factor,NFATC4 Protein,NFATC4 Transcription Factor,NFATL1 Protein,NFATx Protein,NFATz Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells 5 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells, Cytoplasmic,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells, Cytoplasmic 1 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells, Cytoplasmic 2 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells, Cytoplasmic 3 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells, Cytoplasmic 4 Protein,OREBP Protein,Osmotic Response Element Binding Protein,TonEBP Protein,Tonicity-Responsive Enhancer-Binding Protein,Transcription Factor NF-AT,Factor, NFATC1 Transcription,Factor, NFATC2 Transcription,Factor, NFATC3 Transcription,NF AT Proteins,NF AT3 Protein,NF AT4 Protein,NF ATc1 Protein,NF-AT, Transcription Factor,NFAT 1 Protein,NFAT 2 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 5 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells, Cytoplasmic,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells, Cytoplasmic 1 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells, Cytoplasmic 2 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells, Cytoplasmic 3 Protein,Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells, Cytoplasmic 4 Protein,Nuclear Factors of Activated T Cells,Tonicity Responsive Enhancer Binding Protein,Transcription Factor NF AT,Transcription Factor, NFATC1,Transcription Factor, NFATC2,Transcription Factor, NFATC3,Transcription Factor, NFATC4,Transcription Factors, NFATC
D024202 Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay An electrophoretic technique for assaying the binding of one compound to another. Typically one compound is labeled to follow its mobility during electrophoresis. If the labeled compound is bound by the other compound, then the mobility of the labeled compound through the electrophoretic medium will be retarded. Gelshift Analysis,Mobility Shift Assay,Band Shift Mobility Assay,Bandshift Mobility Assay,EMSA Electrophoretic Technique,Gel Retardation Assay,Gel Shift Analysis,Supershift Mobility Assay,Analyses, Gel Shift,Analysis, Gel Shift,Assay, Bandshift Mobility,Assay, Gel Retardation,Assay, Mobility Shift,Assay, Supershift Mobility,Assays, Bandshift Mobility,Assays, Gel Retardation,Assays, Mobility Shift,Assays, Supershift Mobility,Bandshift Mobility Assays,EMSA Electrophoretic Techniques,Electrophoretic Technique, EMSA,Electrophoretic Techniques, EMSA,Gel Retardation Assays,Gel Shift Analyses,Mobility Assay, Bandshift,Mobility Assay, Supershift,Mobility Assays, Bandshift,Mobility Assays, Supershift,Mobility Shift Assays,Supershift Mobility Assays,Technique, EMSA Electrophoretic,Techniques, EMSA Electrophoretic
D034622 RNA Interference A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process. Gene Silencing, Post-Transcriptional,Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing,Co-Suppression,Cosuppression,Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing,RNA Silencing,RNAi,Co Suppression,Gene Silencing, Post Transcriptional,Gene Silencing, Posttranscriptional,Gene Silencings, Posttranscriptional,Interference, RNA,Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing,Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencings,Silencing, Post-Transcriptional Gene

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