Biomaterial Database

Bridging the myoplasmic gap: recent developments in skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling. 2007

Roger A Bannister

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, RC-1, North Tower, P18-7130, Mail Stop F8307, 12800 E. 19th St, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. roger.bannister@UCHSC.edu

Conformational coupling between the L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel (or 1,4-dihydropyridine receptor; DHPR) and the ryanodine-sensitive Ca(2+) release channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (RyR1) is the mechanistic basis for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in skeletal muscle. In this article, recent findings regarding the roles of the individual cytoplasmic domains (the amino- and carboxyl-termini, cytoplasmic loops I-II, II-III, and III-IV) of the DHPR alpha(1S) subunit in bi-directional communication with RyR1 will be discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000200	Action Potentials	Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.	Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012519	Sarcoplasmic Reticulum	A network of tubules and sacs in the cytoplasm of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS that assist with muscle contraction and relaxation by releasing and storing calcium ions.	Reticulum, Sarcoplasmic,Reticulums, Sarcoplasmic,Sarcoplasmic Reticulums
D015220	Calcium Channels	Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. They are categorized as L-, T-, N-, P-, Q-, and R-types based on the activation and inactivation kinetics, ion specificity, and sensitivity to drugs and toxins. The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue.	Ion Channels, Calcium,Receptors, Calcium Channel Blocker,Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel,Calcium Channel,Calcium Channel Antagonist Receptor,Calcium Channel Antagonist Receptors,Calcium Channel Blocker Receptor,Calcium Channel Blocker Receptors,Ion Channel, Calcium,Receptors, Calcium Channel Antagonist,VDCC,Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels,Calcium Channel, Voltage-Dependent,Calcium Channels, Voltage-Dependent,Calcium Ion Channel,Calcium Ion Channels,Channel, Voltage-Dependent Calcium,Channels, Voltage-Dependent Calcium,Voltage Dependent Calcium Channel,Voltage Dependent Calcium Channels
D017434	Protein Structure, Tertiary	The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (ALPHA HELICES; BETA SHEETS; loop regions, and AMINO ACID MOTIFS) pack together to form folded shapes. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure.	Tertiary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Tertiary,Tertiary Protein Structures
D018482	Muscle, Skeletal	A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.	Anterior Tibial Muscle,Gastrocnemius Muscle,Muscle, Voluntary,Plantaris Muscle,Skeletal Muscle,Soleus Muscle,Muscle, Anterior Tibial,Muscle, Gastrocnemius,Muscle, Plantaris,Muscle, Soleus,Muscles, Skeletal,Muscles, Voluntary,Skeletal Muscles,Tibial Muscle, Anterior,Voluntary Muscle,Voluntary Muscles
D019837	Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel	A tetrameric calcium release channel in the SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM membrane of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, acting oppositely to SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES. It is important in skeletal and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and studied by using RYANODINE. Abnormalities are implicated in CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS and MUSCULAR DISEASES.	Calcium-Ryanodine Receptor Complex,RyR1,Ryanodine Receptor 1,Ryanodine Receptor 2,Ryanodine Receptor 3,Ryanodine Receptors,Ca Release Channel-Ryanodine Receptor,Receptor, Ryanodine,RyR2,RyR3,Ryanodine Receptor,Ca Release Channel Ryanodine Receptor,Calcium Ryanodine Receptor Complex,Complex, Calcium-Ryanodine Receptor,Receptor 1, Ryanodine,Receptor 2, Ryanodine,Receptor 3, Ryanodine,Receptor Complex, Calcium-Ryanodine,Receptors, Ryanodine
D020013	Calcium Signaling	Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.	Calcium Oscillations,Calcium Waves,Calcium Puffs,Calcium Sparks,Calcium Spikes,Calcium Oscillation,Calcium Puff,Calcium Signalings,Calcium Spark,Calcium Spike,Calcium Wave,Oscillation, Calcium,Oscillations, Calcium,Puff, Calcium,Puffs, Calcium,Signaling, Calcium,Signalings, Calcium,Spark, Calcium,Sparks, Calcium,Spike, Calcium,Spikes, Calcium,Wave, Calcium,Waves, Calcium