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Cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion after controlled smoked administration. 2007

Marilyn A Huestis, and W David Darwin, and Eric Shimomura, and Shairose A Lalani, and Daniel V Trinidad, and Amanda J Jenkins, and Edward J Cone, and Aaron J Jacobs, and Michael L Smith, and Buddha D Paul
Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. mhuestis@intra.nida.nih.gov

Understanding cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion following smoking is important for interpretation of urine test results in judicial, workplace and treatment settings. In National Institute on Drug Abuse approved studies on a secure research unit, six subjects smoked placebo, 10, 20, and 40 mg cocaine with a precise dose delivery device and six different subjects smoked 42 mg cocaine in a glass pipe. Urine specimens (n = 700) were collected for up to seven days and analyzed for cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE), ecgonine methylester (EME), m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (mOHBE), p-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (pOHBE), norbenzoylecgonine (NBE), and ecgonine (EC) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results (mean +/- SE) for the 40-mg precise delivery doses are as follows: (Table can not be represented) Mean C(max) for all analytes linearly increased with increasing dose. T(max) was not dose-dependent. All metabolites were detected in some subjects within 2 h. EC concentrations were significantly higher after smoked cocaine in a precise delivery coil compared to a glass "crack" pipe.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008401 Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds. Chromatography, Gas-Liquid-Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas-Mass Spectrometry,GCMS,Spectrometry, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrum Analysis, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography,Chromatography, Gas Liquid Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry-Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Gas Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry Gas Chromatography,Spectrometries, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Mass Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass Gas Chromatography
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D012907 Smoking Willful or deliberate act of inhaling and exhaling SMOKE from burning substances or agents held by hand. Smoking Behaviors,Smoking Habit,Behavior, Smoking,Behaviors, Smoking,Habit, Smoking,Habits, Smoking,Smoking Behavior,Smoking Habits
D015813 Substance Abuse Detection Detection of drugs that have been abused, overused, or misused, including legal and illegal drugs. Urine screening is the usual method of detection. Drug Abuse Testing,Illicit Drug Testing,Street Drug Testing,Substance Abuse Testing,Drug Abuse Detection,Drug Abuse Screening,Illicit Drug Detection,Street Drug Detection,Detection, Drug Abuse,Detection, Illicit Drug,Detection, Street Drug,Detection, Substance Abuse,Detections, Drug Abuse,Detections, Illicit Drug,Detections, Street Drug,Detections, Substance Abuse,Drug Abuse Detections,Drug Abuse Screenings,Drug Abuse Testings,Drug Testing, Illicit,Drug Testings, Illicit,Illicit Drug Detections,Illicit Drug Testings,Screening, Drug Abuse,Screenings, Drug Abuse,Street Drug Detections,Street Drug Testings,Substance Abuse Detections,Substance Abuse Testings,Testing, Drug Abuse,Testing, Illicit Drug,Testing, Street Drug,Testing, Substance Abuse,Testings, Drug Abuse,Testings, Illicit Drug,Testings, Street Drug,Testings, Substance Abuse
D016578 Crack Cocaine The purified, alkaloidal, extra-potent form of cocaine. It is smoked (free-based), injected intravenously, and orally ingested. Use of crack results in alterations in function of the cardiovascular system, the autonomic nervous system, the central nervous system, and the gastrointestinal system. The slang term "crack" was derived from the crackling sound made upon igniting of this form of cocaine for smoking. Cocaine, Crack
D019570 Inhalation Exposure The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents by inhaling them. Exposure, Inhalation,Exposures, Inhalation,Inhalation Exposures

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