cDNA cloning and expression analysis of Eisenia fetida (Annelida: Oligochaeta) phytochelatin synthase under cadmium exposure. 2008

Franck Brulle, and Claude Cocquerelle, and Atta Nda Wamalah, and Andrew John Morgan, and Peter Kille, and Alain Leprêtre, and Franck Vandenbulcke
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Numérique et d'Ecotoxicologie, EA 3570, Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, Bâtiment SN3, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.

Metallothioneins (MTs) are central to trace metal homeostasis and detoxification throughout biological systems. Prokaryotes, plants, and fungi utilize both gene encoded cysteine-rich polypeptides (classically designated Class I and II MTs) and enzymatically synthesized cysteine-rich peptides (classically designated Class III MTs or phytochelatins). In contrast, although gene encoded MTs are ubiquitous in animal species the identification of a functional phytochelatin synthase in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a representative member of the Ecdysozoa, provided the first evidence for these metal-binding peptides in animals. By exploiting the conservation observed between species we have been able to clone and transcriptionally characterize a phytochelatin synthase from the immune cells of the earthworm Eisenia fetida, the first evidence for its presence in a phylum belonging to the Lophototrochozoa. The complete coding sequence of this enzyme was determined and the phylogenetic relationship to plant, yeast and nematode enzymes elucidated. Temporal- and dose-profiling of the transcriptional regulation of phytochelatin synthase and MT in response to cadmium was performed by using real-time PCR.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008668 Metallothionein A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals. Isometallothionein,Metallothionein A,Metallothionein B,Metallothionein I,Metallothionein II,Metallothionein IIA
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009835 Oligochaeta A class of annelid worms with few setae per segment. It includes the earthworms such as Lumbricus and Eisenia. Earthworms,Eisenia foetida,Eisenia worm,Lumbricus,Lumbricus terrestris,Eisenia fetida,Earthworm,Eisenia fetidas,Eisenia foetidas,Eisenia worms,Lumbricus terrestri,Oligochaetas,fetida, Eisenia,foetidas, Eisenia,terrestris, Lumbricus,worm, Eisenia
D002104 Cadmium An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012989 Soil Pollutants Substances which pollute the soil. Use for soil pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading. Soil Pollutant,Pollutant, Soil,Pollutants, Soil

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