Purification and characterization of chitinase A of Streptomyces cyaneus SP-27: an enzyme participates in protoplast formation from Schizophyllum commune mycelia. 2008

Shigekazu Yano, and Nopakarn Rattanakit, and Arata Honda, and Yuta Noda, and Mamoru Wakayama, and Abhinya Plikomol, and Takashi Tachiki
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.

A culture filtrate of Bacillus circulans KA-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation of Schizophyllum commune has an activity to form protoplasts from S. commune mycelia. alpha-1,3-Glucanase and chitinase I, which were isolated from the filtrate, did not form the protoplast by itself while a mixture of them showed protoplast-forming activity. Streptomyces cyaneus SP-27 was isolated based on the productivity of chitinase. The culture filtrate of S. cyaneus SP-27 did not form S. commune protoplasts, but addition of it to alpha-1,3-glucanase of B. circulans KA-304 brought about protoplast-forming activity. Chitinase A isolated from the S. cyaneus SP-27 culture filtrate was more effective than chitinase I of B. circulans KA-304 for the protoplast formation in combination with alpha-1,3-glucanase. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of chitinase A (MW 29,000) has a sequential similarity to those of several Streptomycete family 19 chitinases. Chitinase A adsorbed to chitinous substrate and inhibited the growth of Trichoderma reesei mycelia. Anomer analysis of the reaction products also suggested that the enzyme is a family 19 chitinase.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011523 Protoplasts The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL. Protoplast
D002686 Chitin A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in INSECTS and FUNGI. When deacetylated it is called CHITOSAN.
D002688 Chitinases Glycoside hydrolases that break down glycosidic bonds in CHITIN. They are important for insect and worm morphogenesis and plant defense against pathogens. Human chitinases may play a role in the etiology of allergies and asthma. Chitinase,Endochitinase
D004275 DNA, Ribosomal DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA. Ribosomal DNA,rDNA
D005656 Fungal Proteins Proteins found in any species of fungus. Fungal Gene Products,Fungal Gene Proteins,Fungal Peptides,Gene Products, Fungal,Yeast Proteins,Gene Proteins, Fungal,Peptides, Fungal,Proteins, Fungal
D000520 alpha-Glucosidases Enzymes that catalyze the exohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages with release of alpha-glucose. Deficiency of alpha-1,4-glucosidase may cause GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE TYPE II. Acid Maltase,Lysosomal alpha-Glucosidase,Maltase,Maltases,Maltase-Glucoamylase,Neutral Maltase,Neutral alpha-Glucosidase,alpha-Glucosidase,Lysosomal alpha Glucosidase,Maltase Glucoamylase,Neutral alpha Glucosidase,alpha Glucosidase,alpha Glucosidases,alpha-Glucosidase, Lysosomal,alpha-Glucosidase, Neutral
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D001487 Basidiomycota A phylum of fungi that produce their sexual spores (basidiospores) on the outside of the basidium. It includes forms commonly known as mushrooms, boletes, puffballs, earthstars, stinkhorns, bird's-nest fungi, jelly fungi, bracket or shelf fungi, and rust and smut fungi. Basidiomycetes,Basidiomycete,Basidiomycotas
D012567 Schizophyllum A genus of fleshy shelf basidiomycetous fungi, family Schizophyllaceae, order AGARICALES, growing on woody substrata. It is pathogenic in humans. Schizophyllum commune,Schizophyllums
D013302 Streptomyces A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.

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