Safety and efficacy of various combinations of injectable anesthetics in BALB/c mice. 2008

Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
Department of Laboratory Animal Resources, Roswell Park Cancer institute, Buffalo, NY, USA. sandra.buitrago@roswellpark.org

Four combinations of drugs--ketamine-xylazine, ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine (KXA), ketamine-xylazine-buprenorphine, and ketamine-xylazine-carprofen--were compared for their ability to produce anesthesia in BALB/c mice. Induction time, anesthetic duration, blood pressure, pulse rate, and time to recovery were recorded. The anesthesia induced by each anesthetic combination was assessed by using reflex responses to standardized stimuli. The KXA combination produced stable physiologic parameters and was associated with the longest duration of anesthesia (40 +/- 8 min); immobility was produced in all other groups (38 +/- 5 min), but a surgical plane of anesthesia could not be confirmed. All anesthetic protocols produced significant hypotension. No deaths occurred. We recommend KXA as a safe and reliable anesthetic for mice requiring a surgical plane of anesthesia.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007274 Injections, Intraperitoneal Forceful administration into the peritoneal cavity of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the abdominal wall. Intraperitoneal Injections,Injection, Intraperitoneal,Intraperitoneal Injection
D007649 Ketamine A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors. 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone,CI-581,Calipsol,Calypsol,Kalipsol,Ketalar,Ketamine Hydrochloride,Ketanest,Ketaset,CI 581,CI581
D007756 Laboratory Animal Science The science and technology dealing with the procurement, breeding, care, health, and selection of animals used in biomedical research and testing. Animal Science, Laboratory,Animal Sciences, Laboratory,Laboratory Animal Sciences,Science, Laboratory Animal,Sciences, Laboratory Animal
D008807 Mice, Inbred BALB C An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research. BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002047 Buprenorphine A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use. 6029-M,Buprenex,Buprenorphine Hydrochloride,Buprex,Prefin,RX-6029-M,Subutex,Temgesic,Temgésic,6029 M,6029M,Hydrochloride, Buprenorphine,RX 6029 M,RX6029M
D002227 Carbazoles Benzo-indoles similar to CARBOLINES which are pyrido-indoles. In plants, carbazoles are derived from indole and form some of the INDOLE ALKALOIDS.
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004359 Drug Therapy, Combination Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect. Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D005260 Female Females

Related Publications

Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
July 2020, Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
September 2006, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
February 2006, DNA and cell biology,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
January 2002, Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
December 2021, Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
September 2011, Infection and immunity,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
September 1992, Anesthesiology,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
January 2023, BioMed research international,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
April 2012, International journal of antimicrobial agents,
Sandra Buitrago, and Thomas E Martin, and Joanne Tetens-Woodring, and Alan Belicha-Villanueva, and Gregory E Wilding
January 2021, Iranian journal of parasitology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!