Biomaterial Database

Nocturnal aspects of narcolepsy with cataplexy. 2008

Giuseppe Plazzi, and Leonardo Serra, and Raffaele Ferri

Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. giuseppe.plazzi@unibo.it

Even though the most impressive manifestation of narcolepsy is excessive sleepiness, paradoxically a significant number of patients have trouble sleeping at night. A wide array of alterations can affect the night-time sleep of a narcoleptic patient, and the aim of this review is to increase awareness on this issue, thereby enhancing the care of narcoleptic patients by more specific approaches to their disturbed night sleep. This review covers a broad variety of nocturnal sleep features in narcolepsy. Starting from animal models and the clinical features of patients, the paper then discusses the many comorbid conditions found in narcolepsy at night, the most advanced methods of analysis and the few recent advances in the specific treatment of night sleep in narcoleptic patients.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009290	Narcolepsy	A condition characterized by recurrent episodes of daytime somnolence and lapses in consciousness (microsomnias) that may be associated with automatic behaviors and AMNESIA. CATAPLEXY; SLEEP PARALYSIS, and hypnagogic HALLUCINATIONS frequently accompany narcolepsy. The pathophysiology of this disorder includes sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which normally follows stage III or IV sleep. (From Neurology 1998 Feb;50(2 Suppl 1):S2-S7)	Gelineau Syndrome,Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndrome,Paroxysmal Sleep,Gelineau's Syndrome,Narcoleptic Syndrome,Gelineau's Syndromes,Gelineaus Syndrome,Narcolepsy Cataplexy Syndrome,Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndromes,Narcoleptic Syndromes,Sleep, Paroxysmal,Syndrome, Gelineau,Syndrome, Gelineau's,Syndrome, Narcolepsy-Cataplexy,Syndrome, Narcoleptic,Syndromes, Gelineau's,Syndromes, Narcolepsy-Cataplexy,Syndromes, Narcoleptic
D004569	Electroencephalography	Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.	EEG,Electroencephalogram,Electroencephalograms
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D012891	Sleep Apnea Syndromes	Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.	Apnea, Sleep,Hypersomnia with Periodic Respiration,Sleep-Disordered Breathing,Mixed Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea,Sleep Apnea, Mixed,Sleep Apnea, Mixed Central and Obstructive,Sleep Hypopnea,Apnea Syndrome, Sleep,Apnea Syndromes, Sleep,Apneas, Sleep,Breathing, Sleep-Disordered,Hypopnea, Sleep,Hypopneas, Sleep,Mixed Sleep Apnea,Mixed Sleep Apneas,Sleep Apnea,Sleep Apnea Syndrome,Sleep Apneas,Sleep Apneas, Mixed,Sleep Disordered Breathing,Sleep Hypopneas
D017286	Polysomnography	Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of several parameters during sleep to study normal and abnormal sleep. The study includes monitoring of brain waves, to assess sleep stages, and other physiological variables such as breathing, eye movements, and blood oxygen levels which exhibit a disrupted pattern with sleep disturbances.	Monitoring, Sleep,Somnography,Polysomnographies,Sleep Monitoring,Somnographies
D020178	Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm	Dyssomnias associated with disruption of the normal 24 hour sleep wake cycle secondary to travel (e.g., JET LAG SYNDROME), shift work, or other causes.	Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder,Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders,Nonorganic Sleep Wake Cycle Disorder,Shift-Work Sleep Disorder,Sleep-Wake Cycle Disorder,Sleep-Wake Cycle Disorders,Sleep-Wake Schedule Disorder,Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome,Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome,Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndrome,Disturbed Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Non-24 Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder,Nonorganic Sleep Wake Cycle Disorders,Sleep Disorder, Shift-Work,Sleep-Wake Disorder, Non-24 Hour,Sleep-Wake Schedule Disorders,Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndromes,Disturbed Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Non 24 Hour Sleep Wake Disorder,Nyctohemeral Rhythm, Disturbed,Nyctohemeral Rhythms, Disturbed,Shift Work Sleep Disorder,Shift-Work Sleep Disorders,Sleep Disorder, Shift Work,Sleep Disorders, Shift-Work,Sleep Wake Cycle Disorder,Sleep Wake Cycle Disorders,Sleep Wake Disorder, Non 24 Hour,Sleep Wake Schedule Disorder,Sleep Wake Schedule Disorders
D020187	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder	A disorder characterized by episodes of vigorous and often violent motor activity during REM sleep (SLEEP, REM). The affected individual may inflict self injury or harm others, and is difficult to awaken from this condition. Episodes are usually followed by a vivid recollection of a dream that is consistent with the aggressive behavior. This condition primarily affects adult males. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p393)	Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder,Behavior Disorder, REM,Behavior Disorder, Rapid Eye Movement Sleep,REM Behavior Disorder,Behavior Disorders, REM,REM Behavior Disorders