Peroxynitrite inhibits electron transport on the acceptor side of higher plant photosystem II. 2008

Sergio González-Pérez, and Celia Quijano, and Natalia Romero, and Thor Bernt Melø, and Rafael Radi, and Juan B Arellano
Departamento de Estrés Abiótico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Apdo. 257, 37071 Salamanca, Spain.

Peroxynitrite is a strong oxidant that has been proposed to form in chloroplasts. The interaction between peroxynitrite and photosystem II (PSII) has been investigated to determine whether this oxidant could be a hazard for PSII. Peroxynitrite is shown to inhibit oxygen evolution in PSII membranes in a dose-dependent manner. Analyses by PAM fluorimetry and EPR spectroscopy have demonstrated that the inhibition target of peroxynitrite is on the PSII acceptor side. In the presence of the herbicide DCMU, the chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction curve is inhibited by peroxynitrite, but the slow phase of the Chl a fluorescence decay does not change. EPR studies demonstrate that the Signal II(slow) and Signal II(fast) of peroxynitrite-treated Tris-washed PSII membranes are induced at room temperature, implying that the redox active tyrosines Y(Z) and Y(D) of PSII are not significantly nitrated. A featureless EPR signal with a g value of approximately 2.0043+/-0.0003 and a line width of 10+/-1G is induced under continuous illumination in the presence of peroxynitrite. This new EPR signal corresponds with the semireduced plastoquinone Q(A) in the absence of magnetic interaction with the non-heme Fe2+. We conclude that peroxynitrite impairs PSII electron transport in the Q(A)Fe2+ niche.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007425 Intracellular Membranes Thin structures that encapsulate subcellular structures or ORGANELLES in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. They include a variety of membranes associated with the CELL NUCLEUS; the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES. Membranes, Intracellular,Intracellular Membrane,Membrane, Intracellular
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011048 Polarography An electrochemical technique for measuring the current that flows in solution as a function of an applied voltage. The observed polarographic wave, resulting from the electrochemical response, depends on the way voltage is applied (linear sweep or differential pulse) and the type of electrode used. Usually a mercury drop electrode is used. DC Polarography,Pulse Polarography,Polarography, DC,Polarography, Pulse
D011809 Quinones Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
D002734 Chlorophyll Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms. Phyllobilins,Chlorophyll 740
D004237 Diuron A pre-emergent herbicide. DCMU,3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea
D004578 Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy A technique applicable to the wide variety of substances which exhibit paramagnetism because of the magnetic moments of unpaired electrons. The spectra are useful for detection and identification, for determination of electron structure, for study of interactions between molecules, and for measurement of nuclear spins and moments. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th edition) Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy is a variant of the technique which can give enhanced resolution. Electron spin resonance analysis can now be used in vivo, including imaging applications such as MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING. ENDOR,Electron Nuclear Double Resonance,Electron Paramagnetic Resonance,Paramagnetic Resonance,Electron Spin Resonance,Paramagnetic Resonance, Electron,Resonance, Electron Paramagnetic,Resonance, Electron Spin,Resonance, Paramagnetic
D004579 Electron Transport The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270) Respiratory Chain,Chain, Respiratory,Chains, Respiratory,Respiratory Chains,Transport, Electron
D005296 Ferrous Compounds Inorganic or organic compounds that contain divalent iron. Compounds, Ferrous
D000077194 Chlorophyll A A form of chlorophyll that absorbs light in the violet to red spectrum (approximately 400-700 nm wavelength range) and reflects green light (500-570 nm wavelength), which imparts the characteristic green color to land plants. It is essential for oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Chlorophyll A2

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