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The effects of stretch on vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype in vitro. 2008

Anastassi T Halka, and Neill J Turner, and Andrew Carter, and Jonathan Ghosh, and Michael O Murphy, and John P Kirton, and Cay M Kielty, and Michael G Walker
Department of Vascular Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) situated in the tunica media of veins and arteries are central to maintaining conduit integrity in the face of mechanical forces inherent within the cardiovascular system. The predominant mechanical force influencing VSMC structural organisation and signalling is cyclic stretch. VSMC phenotype is manipulated by externally applied stretch which regulates the activity of their contractile apparatus. Stretch modulates cell shape, cytoplasmic organisation, and intracellular processes leading to migration, proliferation, or contraction. Drug therapy directed at the components of the signalling pathways influenced by stretch may ultimately prevent cardiovascular pathology such as myointimal hyperplasia.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009131 Muscle, Smooth, Vascular The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels. Vascular Smooth Muscle,Muscle, Vascular Smooth,Muscles, Vascular Smooth,Smooth Muscle, Vascular,Smooth Muscles, Vascular,Vascular Smooth Muscles
D010641 Phenotype The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment. Phenotypes
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013314 Stress, Mechanical A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area. Mechanical Stress,Mechanical Stresses,Stresses, Mechanical
D017540 Tunica Media The middle layer of blood vessel walls, composed principally of thin, cylindrical, smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue. It accounts for the bulk of the wall of most arteries. The smooth muscle cells are arranged in circular layers around the vessel, and the thickness of the coat varies with the size of the vessel. Vascular Media,Arterial Media,Venous Media,Arterial Medias,Media, Arterial,Media, Vascular,Media, Venous,Medias, Arterial,Medias, Vascular,Medias, Venous,Vascular Medias,Venous Medias
D020741 rho GTP-Binding Proteins A large family of MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS that are involved in regulation of actin organization, gene expression and cell cycle progression. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47. rho G-Proteins,rho GTPase,rho GTPases,rho Small GTP-Binding Proteins,P21 (rho)Protein,rho GTP-Binding Protein,rho Protein P21,G-Proteins, rho,GTP-Binding Protein, rho,GTP-Binding Proteins, rho,GTPase, rho,GTPases, rho,P21, rho Protein,rho G Proteins,rho GTP Binding Protein,rho GTP Binding Proteins,rho Small GTP Binding Proteins
D032389 Myocytes, Smooth Muscle Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE). Smooth Muscle Cells,Cell, Smooth Muscle,Cells, Smooth Muscle,Myocyte, Smooth Muscle,Smooth Muscle Cell,Smooth Muscle Myocyte,Smooth Muscle Myocytes

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