Inhibitory constituents of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in BV2 microglia isolated from Amomum tsao-ko. 2008

Ki Yong Lee, and Seung Hyun Kim, and Sang Hyun Sung, and Young Choong Kim
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

A methanolic extract of the fruits of AMOMUM TSAO-KO (Zingiberaceae) significantly attenuated nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-simulated BV2 microglia. Two new bicyclic nonanes characterized as 6,7-dihydroxy-indan-4-carbaldehyde ( 1) and 6-hydroxy-indan-4-carbaldehyde ( 2) were isolated with the eleven known compounds 6,7-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enoic acid ( 3), tsaokoin ( 4), isotsaokoin ( 5), 8-oxogeraniol ( 6), P-menth-1-ene-5,6-diol ( 7), 3alpha-hydroxycarvotagenone ( 8), tsaokoarylone ( 9), 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-heptadien-3one ( 10), (+)-hannokinol ( 11), MESO-hannokinol ( 12) and hannokinin ( 13), from the fruits of A. TSAO-KO using bioactivity-guided fractionation. All thirteen compounds significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in BV2 microglial cells at concentrations ranging from 1 microM to 100 microM.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008070 Lipopolysaccharides Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Lipopolysaccharide,Lipoglycans
D009569 Nitric Oxide A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP. Endogenous Nitrate Vasodilator,Mononitrogen Monoxide,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium-Derived,Nitrogen Monoxide,Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide,Monoxide, Mononitrogen,Monoxide, Nitrogen,Nitrate Vasodilator, Endogenous,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium Derived,Oxide, Nitric,Vasodilator, Endogenous Nitrate
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000893 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION. Anti-Inflammatory Agent,Antiinflammatory Agent,Agents, Anti-Inflammatory,Agents, Antiinflammatory,Anti-Inflammatories,Antiinflammatories,Antiinflammatory Agents,Agent, Anti-Inflammatory,Agent, Antiinflammatory,Agents, Anti Inflammatory,Anti Inflammatories,Anti Inflammatory Agent,Anti Inflammatory Agents
D017628 Microglia The third type of glial cell, along with astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (which together form the macroglia). Microglia vary in appearance depending on developmental stage, functional state, and anatomical location; subtype terms include ramified, perivascular, ameboid, resting, and activated. Microglia clearly are capable of phagocytosis and play an important role in a wide spectrum of neuropathologies. They have also been suggested to act in several other roles including in secretion (e.g., of cytokines and neural growth factors), in immunological processing (e.g., antigen presentation), and in central nervous system development and remodeling. Microglial Cell,Cell, Microglial,Microglial Cells,Microglias
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D035801 Amomum A plant genus of the family ZINGIBERACEAE. Members contain aculeatin D, beta-sitosterol, and STIGMASTEROL. Some members have been reclassified to ELETTARIA and other ZINGIBERACEAE. Amomums
D036381 Diarylheptanoids A group of compounds consisting of two aryl rings linked by seven carbons (HEPTANES) which may be acyclic (linear) or cyclic. It is a group of secondary metabolites in polyketide synthesis pathway best exemplified by a linear diarylheptanoid CURCUMIN. Acyclic Diarylheptanoids,Curcuminoid,Curcuminoids,Cyclic Diarylheptanoid,Cyclic Diarylheptanoids,Diaryl Heptanoids,Diarylheptanoid,Diarylheptanoid Derivative,Diarylheptanoid Derivatives,Linear Diarylheptanoids,Diarylheptanones,Derivative, Diarylheptanoid,Diarylheptanoid, Cyclic,Diarylheptanoids, Acyclic,Diarylheptanoids, Cyclic,Diarylheptanoids, Linear,Heptanoids, Diaryl

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