Biomaterial Database

[Overview of new research findings]. 2008

Hiroyuki Nodera, and Ryuji Kaji

Department of Neurology, Tokushima University.

The understanding on the pathophysiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been significantly advanced for the past few years, and the contribution of Japanese researchers to it is worth mentioning. In axonal GBS (AMAN), transmission failure of a peripheral nerve occurs when anti-ganglioside antibody which is specifically formed based on the polymorphism of C. jejuni enters through the blood-nerve barrier and damages the node of Ranvier and its surrounding structures. Electrophysiologically, patients with AMAN demonstrate distal conduction failure, but that finding may improve rapidly by immunomodurating therapy suggesting distal conduction failure. The mainstream therapy of GBS is still intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange. However, clinical trials to assess effectiveness of other immunotherapy have been actively conducted.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D020275	Guillain-Barre Syndrome	An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)	Acute Autoimmune Neuropathy,Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy,Acute Inflammatory Polyneuropathy,Landry-Guillain-Barre Syndrome,Polyradiculoneuropathy, Acute Inflammatory,Acute Infectious Polyneuritis,Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy,Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuropathy,Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy, Acute Inflammatory,Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Familial,Guillain-Barré Syndrome,Guillaine-Barre Syndrome,Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy, Acute,Inflammatory Polyneuropathy Acute,Polyneuropathy, Acute Inflammatory,Polyneuropathy, Inflammatory Demyelinating, Acute,Polyradiculoneuropathy, Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating,Acute Autoimmune Neuropathies,Acute Inflammatory Polyneuropathies,Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuropathies,Autoimmune Neuropathies, Acute,Autoimmune Neuropathy, Acute,Familial Guillain-Barre Syndrome,Familial Guillain-Barre Syndromes,Guillain Barre Syndrome,Guillain Barre Syndrome, Familial,Guillain Barré Syndrome,Guillain-Barre Syndromes, Familial,Guillain-Barré Syndromes,Guillaine Barre Syndrome,Infectious Polyneuritis, Acute,Inflammatory Polyneuropathies, Acute,Inflammatory Polyneuropathy, Acute,Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuropathies, Acute,Landry Guillain Barre Syndrome,Neuropathy, Acute Autoimmune,Polyneuritis, Acute Infectious,Polyneuropathy Acute, Inflammatory,Polyradiculoneuropathies, Acute Inflammatory,Syndrome, Familial Guillain-Barre,Syndrome, Guillain-Barre,Syndrome, Guillain-Barré,Syndrome, Guillaine-Barre,Syndrome, Landry-Guillain-Barre