Citrulline and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein: longitudinal markers of postweaning small intestinal function in pigs? 2008

M Berkeveld, and P Langendijk, and J H M Verheijden, and M A M Taverne, and A van Nes, and P van Haard, and A P Koets
Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands. Marieke.Abrahamse@danone.com

The objective of the current study was to investigate whether plasma citrulline or intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) concentrations might be used as longitudinal markers for small intestinal function in piglets after weaning. Plasma citrulline and I-FABP concentrations were measured longitudinally in weaned and unweaned piglets, and related to intestinal absorption values (i.e., plasma mannitol and 3-xylose concentrations in a sugar absorption test). Within each litter (n = 10), 2 piglets with a close-to-litter-average BW were selected. At 20.8 +/- 0.4 d of age, the selected piglets per litter were either weaned conventionally (CW) or remained with the sow (UNW). One day before, and 0.5, 2, 4, and 7 d after weaning of the CW piglets, the selected piglets of both groups were subjected to a sugar absorption test. After a 2-h fast, piglets were administered an oral dose of 2 mL/kg of sugar solution, containing 50 mg/kg of mannitol and 100 mg/kg of 3-xylose. One hour after administration, a blood sample was collected from a jugular vein for determination of plasma I-FABP, citrulline, mannitol, and 3-xylose concentrations. Plasma I-FABP concentration showed great variation within treatments, and no difference was observed in plasma I-FABP concentrations between the CW and UNW treatments (P = 0.63). The absorption of 3-xylose was not different between treatments (P = 0.83). Mannitol absorption, however, was less in the weaned CW piglets compared with the UNW piglets (P = 0.003), with the nadir on d 4 postweaning. Weaning also reduced plasma citrulline concentrations in the CW treatment compared with the UNW treatment (P < 0.001). On d 4 and 7 postweaning, plasma citrulline concentrations of CW piglets were less (P < 0.001 and P = 0.0013) than preweaning values. Furthermore, in the CW treatment, plasma citrulline concentrations correlated with plasma mannitol concentrations at d 4 postweaning (r = 0.89, P = 0.008) and overall (r = 0.76, P = 0.001). Based on these results, plasma citrulline concentration seems to be a possible marker for monitoring intestinal function in pigs after weaning.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007421 Intestine, Small The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM. Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D008353 Mannitol A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity. (L)-Mannitol,Osmitrol,Osmofundin
D002956 Citrulline
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014886 Weaning Permanent deprivation of breast milk and commencement of nourishment with other food. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Weanings
D014994 Xylose D-Xylose,D Xylose
D015415 Biomarkers Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc. Biochemical Markers,Biological Markers,Biomarker,Clinical Markers,Immunologic Markers,Laboratory Markers,Markers, Biochemical,Markers, Biological,Markers, Clinical,Markers, Immunologic,Markers, Laboratory,Markers, Serum,Markers, Surrogate,Markers, Viral,Serum Markers,Surrogate Markers,Viral Markers,Biochemical Marker,Biologic Marker,Biologic Markers,Clinical Marker,Immune Marker,Immune Markers,Immunologic Marker,Laboratory Marker,Marker, Biochemical,Marker, Biological,Marker, Clinical,Marker, Immunologic,Marker, Laboratory,Marker, Serum,Marker, Surrogate,Serum Marker,Surrogate End Point,Surrogate End Points,Surrogate Endpoint,Surrogate Endpoints,Surrogate Marker,Viral Marker,Biological Marker,End Point, Surrogate,End Points, Surrogate,Endpoint, Surrogate,Endpoints, Surrogate,Marker, Biologic,Marker, Immune,Marker, Viral,Markers, Biologic,Markers, Immune
D050556 Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins Intracellular proteins that reversibly bind hydrophobic ligands including: saturated and unsaturated FATTY ACIDS; EICOSANOIDS; and RETINOIDS. They are considered a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed family of proteins that may play a role in the metabolism of LIPIDS. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Adipocyte Lipid Binding Protein,Adipocyte-Specific Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Brain-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Cytosolic Lipid-Binding Proteins,Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, Cardiac Myocyte,Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, Myocardial,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Adipocyte-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Brain-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Cytosolic-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Intestinal-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Liver-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Myocardial-Specific,Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Plasma-Membrane Specific,Intestinal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Liver Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Myocardial Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Plasma Membrane Fatty Acid-Binding Protein,Acid-Binding Protein, Fatty,Adipocyte Specific Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Brain Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Cytosolic Lipid Binding Proteins,Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Fatty Acid Binding Protein, Cardiac Myocyte,Fatty Acid Binding Protein, Myocardial,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Adipocyte Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Brain Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Cytosolic Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Intestinal Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Liver Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Myocardial Specific,Fatty Acid Binding Proteins, Plasma Membrane Specific,Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Lipid-Binding Proteins, Cytosolic,Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Myocardial Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Plasma Membrane Fatty Acid Binding Protein,Protein, Fatty Acid-Binding

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