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The effects of chronic pretreatment with ephedrine and phenylpropanolamine (PPA) on the antinociceptive activities of morphine and codeine, as well as their effects on the induction and expression of tolerance to, and dependence on morphine and codeine in mice are reported. Chronic pretreatment with ephedrine or PPA attenuated the antinociceptive effects of subsequently administered morphine or codeine. When administered during the induction phase, sympathomimetics enhanced opiate tolerance with little or no effect on the development of physical dependence. Given in the expression phase, ephedrine and PPA did not significantly affect tolerance, whereas there was significant suppression of withdrawal signs. The possible implications of these results are discussed.
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
January 1980,
Japanese journal of pharmacology,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
January 1985,
General pharmacology,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
April 1971,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
August 1988,
Der Anaesthesist,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
December 2000,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
February 1979,
Life sciences,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
March 1980,
Pharmacological research communications,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
January 1982,
Advances in neurology,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
February 2011,
Neuroscience letters,
Y M Dambisya, and
C L Wong, and
K Chan
January 1988,
NIDA research monograph,
