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This study investigates the putative effect of potassium on energy expenditure. Eight young adult men were submitted to two different normocaloric mixed diets in a randomized order, containing either 163 +/- 9 or 69 +/- 2 mmol potassium/d. On the fifth day of each diet, after an overnight fast, resting metabolic rate (RMR) was measured over a 1-h period. After these measurements, either a potassium load (50 mmol) or a placebo were given to subjects submitted to the low- or the high-potassium diet, respectively. RMR was then measured again for 3 h and the last hour was kept for further analysis. Results showed that acute and chronic variations in potassium intake do not induce significant changes in RMR, and chronic but not acute changes in serum potassium concentration were significantly correlated with changes in energy expenditure (r = 0.74, P less than 0.05) by mechanisms that remain to be elucidated.
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