The expression pattern of PKCtheta in satellite cells of normal and regenerating muscle in the rat. 2009

Seiji Tokugawa, and Kunihiro Sakuma, and Hiroyoshi Fujiwara, and Miyuki Hirata, and Ryo Oda, and Shinsuke Morisaki, and Masahiro Yasuhara, and Toshikazu Kubo
Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medcicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto.

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a key enzyme in regulating a variety of cellular functions. PKCtheta is the most abundant PKC isoform expressed in skeletal muscle. However, the functional role of PKCtheta linked to muscle regeneration has not yet been identified. Using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis, we investigated the expression patterns of PKCtheta in normal and regenerating tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in the rat. The amount of PKCtheta mRNA in the muscle increased from the 4th to 6th post-surgical day. Immunofluorescence revealed PKCtheta protein in quiescent satellite cells identified by c-Met. PKCtheta immunoreactivity was not observed in many proliferating satellite cells by labeling with BrdU in the regenerating muscle. At 4, 6 and 10 days postsurgery, PKCtheta immunoreactivity was observed in half the differentiating satellite cells labeling with myogenin. After 4 and 6 days, the localization of PKCtheta coincided with those of Pax7 and TGF-beta. Thus, PKCtheta may play an important role in inhibiting differentiation and maintaining the quiescent satellite cells in muscle regeneration.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007527 Isoenzymes Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics. Alloenzyme,Allozyme,Isoenzyme,Isozyme,Isozymes,Alloenzymes,Allozymes
D008297 Male Males
D011493 Protein Kinase C An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters. Calcium Phospholipid-Dependent Protein Kinase,Calcium-Activated Phospholipid-Dependent Kinase,PKC Serine-Threonine Kinase,Phospholipid-Sensitive Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase,Protein Kinase M,Calcium Activated Phospholipid Dependent Kinase,Calcium Phospholipid Dependent Protein Kinase,PKC Serine Threonine Kinase,Phospholipid Sensitive Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase,Phospholipid-Dependent Kinase, Calcium-Activated,Serine-Threonine Kinase, PKC
D012038 Regeneration The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue. Endogenous Regeneration,Regeneration, Endogenous,Regenerations
D001973 Bromodeoxyuridine A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. BUdR,BrdU,Bromouracil Deoxyriboside,Broxuridine,5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine,5-Bromodeoxyuridine,NSC-38297,5 Bromo 2' deoxyuridine,5 Bromodeoxyuridine,Deoxyriboside, Bromouracil
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D005455 Fluorescent Antibody Technique Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy. Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein
D000074121 Protein Kinase C-theta A calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol-dependent, protein kinase C subtype that contains an N-terminal C2 DOMAIN and two diacylglycerol-binding ZINC FINGERS. It is expressed primarily by T-LYMPHOCYTES and localizes to IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSES where it regulates downstream signaling for the activation, proliferation, and survival of mature T-cells. It plays a critical role in allergic, autoimmune, and alloimmune responses of TH2 CELLS and TH17 CELLS. PKC-theta,PRKCQ,Protein Kinase C theta,Protein Kinase C, theta,PKC theta
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012333 RNA, Messenger RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated

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