Covalent protein modification by reactive drug metabolites using online electrochemistry/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. 2008

Wiebke Lohmann, and Heiko Hayen, and Uwe Karst
Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.

We present a rapid and convenient method to perform and evaluate the covalent protein binding of reactive phase I metabolites. The oxidative metabolism of the drugs paracetamol, amodiaquine, and clozapine is simulated in an electrochemical (EC) flow-through cell, which is coupled online to an LC/MS system. Adduct formation of the reactive metabolites with the proteins beta-lactoglobulin A and human serum albumin proceeds in a reaction coil between EC cell and injection system of the HPLC system. The formed drug-protein adducts are characterized with online time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the modification site is localized using FTICR-mass spectrometry. Due to its simple setup, easy handling, and short analysis times, the method provides an interesting tool for the rapid risk assessment of covalent protein binding as well as for the synthesis of covalent drug-protein adducts in high purity and high yield.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007782 Lactoglobulins Globulins of milk obtained from the WHEY. Lactoglobulin,beta-Lactoglobulin,beta-Lactoglobulin A,beta-Lactoglobulin B,beta-Lactoglobulin C,beta-Lactoglobulin E,beta-Lactoglobulin F,beta-Lactoglobulin G,beta-Lactoglobulin I,beta Lactoglobulin,beta Lactoglobulin A,beta Lactoglobulin B,beta Lactoglobulin C,beta Lactoglobulin E,beta Lactoglobulin F,beta Lactoglobulin G,beta Lactoglobulin I
D002853 Chromatography, Liquid Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid. Liquid Chromatography
D003024 Clozapine A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent. Clozaril,Leponex
D004563 Electrochemistry The study of chemical changes resulting from electrical action and electrical activity resulting from chemical changes. Electrochemistries
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000082 Acetaminophen Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage. Acetamidophenol,Hydroxyacetanilide,Paracetamol,APAP,Acamol,Acephen,Acetaco,Acetominophen,Algotropyl,Anacin-3,Datril,N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetanilide,N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol,Panadol,Tylenol,p-Acetamidophenol,p-Hydroxyacetanilide,Anacin 3,Anacin3
D000655 Amodiaquine A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties. Amodiachin,Amodiaquin,Amodiaquine Hydrochloride,Camoquin,Camoquine,Flavoquine,Hydrochloride, Amodiaquine
D012709 Serum Albumin A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules. Plasma Albumin,Albumin, Serum
D013058 Mass Spectrometry An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers. Mass Spectroscopy,Spectrometry, Mass,Spectroscopy, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass,Analysis, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analysis,Analyses, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analyses,Spectrum Analyses, Mass
D017550 Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained. FTIR,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,Spectroscopy, Infrared, Fourier Transform

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